基于STM32和Android的综合听力检测系统的设计

发布时间：2018-01-13 19:24

本文关键词：基于STM32和Android的综合听力检测系统的设计　出处：《南方医科大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：耳声发射(otoacoustic Emission,OAE)和听觉脑干反应(auditory brainstem response,ABR)是临床常用的客观听力检测方法。OAE是由耳蜗中产生,通过听骨链和鼓膜传导释放在外耳道的音频信号。OAE提供了一种客观且无创的耳蜗检查方法,因此OAE被广泛应用于临床新生儿听力筛查、耳蜗病变诊断等。ABR是人听觉神经受到声刺激后,在额头及乳突之间测量得到的生物脑电信号。ABR可以反映人体听觉神经通路的健康状况,在临床常用于新生儿听力筛查、鉴别蜗后病变等。单一的OAE检测或ABR检测只能判断人听觉系统耳蜗或听觉神经功能,因此临床上需要结合两种方法做听力检测。OAE和ABR的检测方法都是通过声刺激人体听觉系统后采集诱发信号,信号测量方法存在共性。然而目前临床常用的OAE检测系统和ABR检测系统大部分由不同的仪器独立完成,且该类设备为国外厂商垄断,价格昂贵。另外传统听力检测设备都以电脑作为数据处理、数据呈现和人机交互平台,但电脑体积大不便携带,且功耗大、线缆多信号易受干扰。随着移动互联网发展和移动智能设备的出现,将传统医疗设备与之结合产生的移动医疗设备逐渐兴起。但目前国内市场尚无基于移动医疗设备设计原理的OAE和ABR综合检测仪器。基于以上原因本文设计了一款基于STM32单片机和安卓(Android)手机的、具备检测OAE和ABR功能的便携式听力检测系统。该系统主要包含一个以STM32单片机为核心的下位机,以及一台安卓智能手机作为上位机。系统通过安卓智能手机控制下位机产生刺激声,传感器采集数据后在下位机分析处理,并将检测结果通过无线蓝牙传输到手机,手机进行检测结果数据的呈现和存储等。本文详述听力检测系统的硬件设计、软件设计等。听力检测系统硬件设计以高集成度和低噪声为原则。系统硬件包括电源电路、STM32单片机电路、刺激声产生电路、OAE预处理电路、ABR预处理和驱动电路、ADC和信号隔离电路、阻抗测量和信号隔离电路、蓝牙模块电路等。系统软件包括STM32单片机固件程序和安卓应用程序。固件程序包含控制部分和信号处理部分,其中控制部分用于控制刺激声播放以及OAE和ABR信号采集、阻抗测量、信号传输等;信号处理部分用于OAE和ABR信号处理。安卓应用程序包含人机交互模块、蓝牙通信以及数据存储模块等。本文最后通过实验验证听力检测系统设计的可行性和有效性,分别进行了噪声测试、刺激声播放和阻抗测量测试、同步性测试、OAE测试以及ABR测试。通过实验结果证明设计的听力检测系统可以进行OAE和ABR检测。
[Abstract]:Otoacoustic emission (OAE) and auditory brainstem response (BAE) and auditory brainstem response (auditory brainstem response). ABR is a commonly used clinical objective audiometry. OAE is produced in cochlea. The auditory chain and tympanic membrane conduction release audio signal in the external auditory canal. OAE provides an objective and non-invasive method for cochlear examination, so OAE is widely used in clinical neonatal hearing screening. The diagnosis of cochlea lesion. ABR is a biological EEG signal measured between the forehead and mastoid process after the auditory nerve is stimulated by sound. ABR can reflect the health status of human auditory nerve pathway. Single OAE or ABR can only judge the cochlea or auditory nerve function of human auditory system. Therefore, it is necessary to combine the two methods to detect the hearing. OAE and ABR in clinic are to collect the evoked signals through the sound stimulation of human auditory system. However, most of the current clinical OAE detection systems and ABR detection systems are independently completed by different instruments, and this kind of equipment is monopolized by foreign manufacturers. In addition, the traditional hearing testing equipment takes the computer as the data processing, data presentation and human-computer interaction platform, but the large size of the computer is inconvenient to carry, and the power consumption is large. With the development of mobile Internet and the emergence of mobile intelligent devices, cable multi-signal is vulnerable to interference. The combination of traditional medical devices with mobile medical devices is emerging gradually. However, there are no OAE and ABR integrated testing instruments based on the design principle of mobile medical devices in the domestic market. A single chip based on STM32 and Android (. Android. A portable hearing testing system with the functions of OAE and ABR. The system mainly includes a lower computer with STM32 microcontroller as the core. As well as an Android smart phone as the host computer. The system controls the lower computer to produce stimulatory sound through the Android smart phone, the sensor collects the data and analyzes the data in the lower computer. And the detection results are transmitted to the mobile phone through wireless Bluetooth, the mobile phone to display and store the results of the data. This paper describes the hardware design of the hearing detection system. The hardware design of the hearing detection system is based on the principle of high integration and low noise. The hardware of the system includes the power supply circuit STM32 single chip microcomputer circuit and the stimulation sound generation circuit and the OAE preprocessing circuit. ABR preprocessing and driving circuits, ADCs and signal isolation circuits, impedance measurement and signal isolation circuits. Bluetooth module circuit and so on. System software includes STM32 MCU firmware program and Android application program. Firmware program includes control part and signal processing part. The control part is used to control the sound playing of stimuli, OAE and ABR signal acquisition, impedance measurement, signal transmission and so on. The signal processing part is used for OAE and ABR signal processing. Android applications contain human-computer interaction modules. Bluetooth communication and data storage module etc. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the design of hearing test system are verified by experiments. Noise test, stimulus sound playing test and impedance measurement test, synchronization test are carried out respectively. OAE test and ABR test. The experimental results show that the designed hearing test system can be used for OAE and ABR testing.
【学位授予单位】：南方医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP274;R318.6

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