基于嵌入式的VRV空调末端控制器设计

发布时间：2018-01-20 18:01

本文关键词： VRV空调嵌入式 STM32 模糊控制遗传PID　出处：《沈阳工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：VRV中央空调系统在中小型商业建筑和别墅中得到广泛应用,具有舒适性高、可控性好等优点;各房间装置可以独立调节,能够准确满足不同房间对于热量负荷的要求。由于室内环境不同,室内空调末端装置对制冷剂的需求也不同,合理分配制冷剂流量对空调末端装置以及整个空调系统的能耗有很大影响。目前环境形势恶劣,空调的节能设计有重大的意义。针对室内温度调节的不确定性,为了达到室内温度控制的快速性和准确性,本设计做了以下工作。首先介绍了VRV空调的工作方式,分析了VRV空调末端蒸发器的热交换原理。发现室内温度控制中存在非线性、滞后性和耦合性。室内末端控制器通过控制电子膨胀阀和风机实现冷媒流量控制和热量交换控制。模糊控制方法动态控制效果好,但稳态控制精确度较差,使用模糊控制方法应用在末端空调装置启动控制中。在室内温度接近设定温度时,切换到PID控制。由于PID初始参数值无法根据室内实际情况进行变化,为此引入遗传优化方法,对PID参数值进行优化估计,使室内温度控制更加精确,避免发生动荡。使用Simulink进行仿真,验证设计的控制方法的控制效果。接下来在此基础上使用嵌入式技术进行VRV末端控制器开发。选择STM32处理器作为末端控制器主控芯片,使用uCOSII操作系统作为控制器运行平台,使用LCD触摸屏设定温度和显示温度。在嵌入式末端控制器上使用上一节设计的控制算法,通过控制器串口与计算机软件仿真模型进行通信,验证控制器温度控制效果,证明了控制器可以按照用户需要控制室内温度,并提高了温度调节能力。
[Abstract]:VRV central air conditioning system has been widely used in small and medium commercial buildings and villas, with the advantages of high comfort, good controllability and so on. Each room device can be adjusted independently, which can accurately meet the requirements of different rooms for the heat load. Because of the different indoor environment, the refrigerant requirements of the indoor air conditioning terminal devices are also different. Rational allocation of refrigerant flow has a great impact on the energy consumption of the air conditioning terminal unit and the whole air conditioning system. At present, the environmental situation is poor, and the energy saving design of air conditioning is of great significance, aiming at the uncertainty of indoor temperature regulation. In order to achieve the speed and accuracy of indoor temperature control, this design has done the following work. Firstly, the working mode of VRV air conditioning is introduced. The heat transfer principle of the end evaporator of VRV air conditioning system is analyzed. It is found that there is nonlinearity in indoor temperature control. Hysteresis and coupling. The indoor end controller realizes the refrigerant flow control and heat exchange control by controlling the electronic expansion valve and the fan. The fuzzy control method has good dynamic control effect, but the accuracy of steady state control is poor. The fuzzy control method is used in the start control of the terminal air conditioner. When the indoor temperature is close to the set temperature, the control is switched to PID. Because the initial parameters of PID can not be changed according to the actual situation in the room. For this reason, genetic optimization method is introduced to optimize the estimation of PID parameters, which makes indoor temperature control more accurate and avoids turbulence. Simulink is used for simulation. Verify the control effect of the designed control method. Then use embedded technology to develop the VRV terminal controller. Select the STM32 processor as the main controller chip. The uCOSII operating system is used as the operating platform of the controller, and the temperature and display temperature are set by using the LCD touch screen. The control algorithm designed in the previous section is used on the embedded terminal controller. Through the communication between the controller serial port and the computer software simulation model, the temperature control effect of the controller is verified. It is proved that the controller can control the indoor temperature according to the user's needs, and improve the ability of temperature regulation.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB657.2;TP273

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