基于改进遗传算法的连接件螺栓布局优化新方法

发布时间：2018-02-28 11:33

本文关键词： 螺栓布局优化遗传算法参数化有限元分析　出处：《西北工业大学学报》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：航空结构承力连接件的螺栓孔边及其毗邻区域常会出现应力集中现象,研究连接件上的螺栓布局对飞机结构安全性有着重要的工程意义。为了优化孔边应力,建立了典型螺栓连接结构的有限元参数化模型;针对传统遗传算法(TGA)在工程应用上的局限性,结合单亲遗传算法(PGA)与混沌遗传算法(CGA)的优势,提出了新的单亲混沌遗传算法(PCGA);运用该算法并采用非均匀螺栓排布方案对连接件螺栓布局进行了优化,与原有螺栓布局设计方案相比,在30 MPa的静压工况载荷下可使孔边等效应力下降31.03%,再经过螺栓数量优化还可使螺栓数量减少近50%;最后,将该方法用于某型飞机机翼内外翼连接区域的螺栓布局优化,在最严重工况下可使7#肋与蒙皮连接处的最大等效应力下降了23.36%,且螺栓数减少10%。此方法为航空连接件螺栓布局设计提供了一种新思路。
[Abstract]:Stress concentration often occurs in the bolt hole edge and adjacent area of the bearing connection of aeronautical structure. It is of great engineering significance to study the bolt layout on the connecting piece for the safety of aircraft structure. The finite element parameterized model of typical bolted connection structure is established, and in view of the limitation of traditional genetic algorithm (TGA) in engineering application, the advantages of PGA and CGA are combined. A new partheno-chaotic genetic algorithm (PCGAA) is proposed, which is used to optimize the bolt layout of connectors by using the algorithm and the non-uniform bolt layout scheme, which is compared with the original bolt layout design. Under the static pressure load of 30 MPa, the equivalent stress of the hole edge can be reduced by 31.03and the number of bolts can be reduced by nearly 50 by optimizing the number of bolts. Finally, the method is applied to the optimization of the bolt layout in the connection area of the wing inside and outside the wing of a certain aircraft. The maximum equivalent stress at the connection of 7# rib and skin can be reduced by 23.36 and the number of bolts can be reduced by 10% under the most serious working conditions. This method provides a new idea for the design of bolt layout of aviation connectors.
【作者单位】：西北工业大学航空学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(51675426)资助
【分类号】：TP18;V229

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