基于WSNs的车辆监测系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-03-03 19:35

本文选题：无线传感器网络　切入点：DV-Hop算法　出处：《宁夏大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在社会高速发展的今天,车辆日益增多,如何利用高科技手段对车辆进行有效管控变得越来越重要。传统的基于计算机技术和网络技术的车辆管理系统存在诸多弊端,如管理模式功能有限,系统结构较为复杂,成本较高等。无线传感器网络(WSN)作为一种新兴的网络技术,近几年得到了很大的发展。由于WSN可扩展性强、覆盖面积广、节点成本低、信息处理能力强等特点,特别适合应用于车辆管理中。本文针对传统车辆管理系统存在的弊端,设计并实现了基于无线传感器网络的车辆监测系统。本文首先介绍了无线传感器网络定位技术。然后,对DV-HOP算法进行了详细介绍同时在现有的DV-HOP定位算法的基础上,对其改进,提出了改进的DV-HOP定位算法。改进的DV-HOP定位算法,主要由三个阶段组成:第一阶段是利用传感器节点的自组织性,计算各个已知节点之间的平均跳距;第二阶段是对第一阶段所获取的平均跳距进行修正处理;第三阶段是利用修正的平均跳距值确定已知节点与未知节点的距离,然后进行三边定位计算,最终确定未知节点坐标。这种改进的DV-HOP定位算法减小了已知节点与未知节点之间距离的误差。在系统设计与实现部分,首选分析了车辆监测系统的功能需求和性能需求,在此基础上设计了系统的总体架构,进而阐述了对系统硬件与软件的设计。最后,构建了传感器网络测试环境,对系统的各项性能进行了测试。本文主要研究了以下几个方面:第一,对于传统定位系统与无线传感器网络的定位系统进行比较,找出传统定位系统定位中存在的缺点与不足之处;第二,对DV-HoP算法进行介绍,并对其中存在的不足进行改进,提高定位精度;第三,设计和实现定位更为精准的车辆监测系统,并对系统进行测试与完善。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of society, the number of vehicles is increasing day by day. It is becoming more and more important to use high-tech means to effectively control vehicles. There are many drawbacks in the traditional vehicle management system based on computer technology and network technology. For example, the function of management mode is limited, the system structure is more complex, and the cost is high. As a new network technology, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) has been greatly developed in recent years. The node cost is low, the information processing ability is strong and so on, which is especially suitable for the vehicle management. This paper aims at the disadvantages of the traditional vehicle management system. The vehicle monitoring system based on wireless sensor network is designed and implemented. Firstly, the location technology of wireless sensor network is introduced in this paper. Then, the DV-HOP algorithm is introduced in detail and improved on the basis of the existing DV-HOP localization algorithm. An improved DV-HOP localization algorithm is proposed. The improved DV-HOP localization algorithm is composed of three stages: the first stage is to calculate the average hopping distance between each known node by using the self-organization of sensor nodes; In the second stage, the average hopping distance obtained in the first stage is modified. In the third stage, the distance between the known node and the unknown node is determined by the modified average hop distance, and then the triangulation is carried out. Finally, the unknown node coordinates are determined. The improved DV-HOP localization algorithm reduces the distance error between the known node and the unknown node. In the part of system design and implementation, the functional and performance requirements of the vehicle monitoring system are first analyzed. On this basis, the overall architecture of the system is designed, and then the hardware and software design of the system is described. Finally, the testing environment of sensor network is constructed. The performance of the system is tested. This paper mainly studies the following aspects: first, the traditional positioning system and the wireless sensor network positioning system are compared. Find out the shortcomings and shortcomings of the traditional positioning system; second, introduce the DV-HoP algorithm, and improve the shortcomings to improve the positioning accuracy; third, design and implement a more accurate vehicle monitoring system, The system is tested and perfected.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5;TP274

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