基于ZigBee无线技术的农田数据采集系统设计

发布时间：2018-03-07 03:12

本文选题：ZigBee　切入点：无线传感网络　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着无线传感网络技术的不断发展和使用普及,越来越多的无线技术被运用到了到人类生产和生活的各个方面各种层次。其中,将无线传感网络使用在农业领域,能够准确、高效率地获取农作物在生长过程中的各项环境指标信息,是提高农作物品质及产量的关键。但是,传统的农田环境数据记录都是由人工完成的,需要工作人员下田进行实地测量,记录数据。随着计算机技术和嵌入式技术的发展,农田中使用RS485或CAN总线等有线连接的方式进行数据的采集和传输,解决了在数据采集过程中人力采集成本高等问题。但是采用有线的方式采集数据有着布线难度高的缺点,同时还增加了农田的复杂性。因此,本文针对农田数据采集系统的有线传输方式常受到地形、安装环境等问题的限制,设计了一种基于ZigBee无线技术的农田数据采集系统。论文主要设计内容如下:(1)通过分析市面上无线传感网络技术的研究现状,系统选用ZigBee技术为核心搭建无线传感网络,并提出农田无线数据采集系统的设计方案。(2)使用Altium Designer软件进行系统的硬件设计并绘制PCB电路板,将CC2530芯片和传感器等模块进行连接。(3)采用半开源的Z-Stack协议栈对终端、路由器和协调器进行程序开发,能够做到对农田环境数据的采集、发送和接收。(4)基于Visual Studio平台进行上位机软件开发,并配合ACCESS数据库,共同实现了对数据的本地保存和历时数据查询功能。(5)对系统的通讯距离、采集数据精度和续航时间进行测试。系统经过可知:该系统在有障碍物的情况下有效传输距离可达40m,采集到的数据平均相对误差为9.76%,有效续航时间约为3个月。本系统可以在规定的时间点内检测农田的环境情况,完成对环境的数据采集、发送、接收以及本地储存,为用户对农作物的生长规律受环境的影响提供数据参考,降低农业信息化在数据采集方面的工作量和工作强度。系统满足设计的需求,有着良好的应用前景。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development and popularization of wireless sensor network technology, more and more wireless technologies have been applied to various levels of human production and life. It is the key to improve the quality and yield of crops to obtain the environmental index information efficiently. However, the traditional farmland environmental data records are all completed manually. With the development of computer technology and embedded technology, the data are collected and transmitted in farmland by using wired connection such as RS485 or CAN bus. It solves the problem of high cost of human resource acquisition in the process of data acquisition. However, it has the disadvantage of high difficulty in wiring data collection by wire, and also increases the complexity of farmland. In this paper, the cable transmission mode of farmland data acquisition system is often restricted by terrain, installation environment and so on. A farmland data acquisition system based on ZigBee wireless technology is designed. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) by analyzing the research status of wireless sensor network technology in the market, the system chooses ZigBee technology as the core to build wireless sensor network. The paper also puts forward the design scheme of farmland wireless data acquisition system. It uses Altium Designer software to design the hardware of the system and draws the PCB circuit board. The module of CC2530 chip and sensor is connected to the terminal. It uses the semi-open source Z-Stack protocol stack to the terminal. The router and coordinator develop program, which can collect, send and receive farmland environment data. It is based on Visual Studio platform to develop upper computer software and cooperate with ACCESS database. The local storage of data and the query function of diachronic data. It is known that the effective transmission distance of the system can reach 40 m in the case of obstacles, the average relative error of the collected data is 9.76, and the effective duration is about 3 months. The system can detect the environment of farmland at a specified time point, Complete the data collection, sending, receiving and local storage of the environment, and provide the data reference for the user's growth law of crops affected by the environment. Reducing the workload and working intensity of agricultural informatization in data collection, the system can meet the needs of the design and has a good application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP274.2

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