单通道无缆地震数据采集系统低功耗研究与实现

发布时间：2018-03-26 10:50

本文选题：无缆地震数据采集系统　切入点：单通道　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的迅速发展和我国综合国力的不断提升,人类对于矿产资源的需求与日剧增,浅层矿产资源的枯竭成为限制国民经济发展的主要因素。为了解决经济发展和有限资源之间的突出矛盾,深部地球勘探成为未来矿产资源勘探的主要趋势。地球物理勘探主要包括重力、电磁、电法、地震、放射性五大类方法,其中地震方法作为地球物理勘探的一种重要方法,一直扮演着不可替代的角色。地震仪是地震勘探系统中的核心仪器之一,用于获取高质量的地震数据。近年来,国内外无缆地震仪迅速发展,但野外供电问题一直是制约其广泛应用的一个重要因素。为了满足无缆地震仪长时间野外工作的要求,本文针对单通道无缆地震数据采集系统,从硬件和软件两个方面开展低功耗研究与设计。首先,分析了无缆地震仪中各个功能模块的功耗分布情况;在此基础上,针对其中的主控单元,同步授时单元和供电单元进行了优化设计,设计完成了以Cortex-M4内核处理器为核心的主控单元,低功耗GPS授时模块(U-blox MAX7系列)结合温补晶振(TCXO)构成的同步授时单元以及高效率的DC/DC供电单元。在完成系统硬件低功耗设计的基础上,从软件方面对系统功耗进行了进一步的优化设计,基于动态电源管理技术和动态频率调节技术,根据系统的工作模式和工作状态,动态调整主控单元的工作频率和相关模块的运行状态,进一步降低系统的平均功耗。基于Eclipse软件搭建了STM32开发平台,完成了Free RTOS操作系统及LWIP协议栈移植,在此基础上完成了底层驱动软件和系统主控软件设计,实现了地震数据采集、同步授时、存储及数据回收等基本功能。最后,搭建了系统样机并对样机进行了功耗测试。测试结果表明:采用本文方法设计的样机系统功耗得到了显著改善,系统样机在数据采集阶段的平均功耗均降至250m W,对比国外无缆地震数据采集系统及吉林大学国家地球物理探测仪器工程技术研究中心自主研发的GEIWSR无缆存储式地震数据采集系统,有效的降低了系统的功耗,达到了设计要求。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy and the continuous improvement of China's comprehensive national strength, the human demand for mineral resources has increased dramatically. The depletion of shallow mineral resources has become the main factor restricting the development of national economy. In order to solve the outstanding contradiction between economic development and limited resources, Deep earth exploration has become the main trend of mineral resources exploration in the future. Geophysical exploration mainly includes gravity, electromagnetism, electrical method, earthquake and radioactivity, among which seismic method is an important method of geophysical exploration. Seismograph is one of the core instruments in seismic exploration system, which is used to obtain high quality seismic data. In recent years, there has been rapid development of cable-less seismograph at home and abroad. However, the field power supply problem has been an important factor restricting its wide application. In order to meet the requirement of long time field work of the cable-less seismograph, this paper aims at the single channel no-cable seismic data acquisition system. The research and design of low power consumption in hardware and software are carried out. Firstly, the distribution of power consumption of each functional module in cable-less seismograph is analyzed. The synchronous timing unit and the power supply unit are optimized, and the main control unit with Cortex-M4 kernel processor as the core is designed and completed. The low power GPS time service module U-blox MAX7 series) is composed of a synchronous time service unit and a high efficiency DC/DC power supply unit, which is composed of a temperature-compensated crystal oscillator (TCXO). On the basis of the low power design of the system hardware, the system hardware is designed with low power consumption. From the software aspect, the power consumption of the system is further optimized. Based on the dynamic power management technology and the dynamic frequency regulation technology, according to the working mode and working state of the system, The operating frequency of the main control unit and the running state of the related modules are dynamically adjusted to further reduce the average power consumption of the system. Based on the Eclipse software, the STM32 development platform is built, and the Free RTOS operating system and the LWIP protocol stack transplantation are completed. On this basis, the basic functions of seismic data acquisition, synchronous timing, storage and data recovery are realized. The system prototype is built and the power consumption of the prototype is tested. The test results show that the power consumption of the prototype system designed by this method has been significantly improved. The average power consumption of the prototype is reduced to 250 MW in the data acquisition stage, compared with the cable free seismic data acquisition system abroad and the GEIWSR cable free storage ground developed by the National Geophysical instrument Engineering Research Center of Jilin University. Seismic data acquisition system, Effectively reduce the power consumption of the system, meet the design requirements.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP274.2

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