基于倾角传感器的桥梁线形实时监测系统设计与实现

发布时间：2018-03-30 01:36

本文选题：桥梁线形　切入点：挠度测量　出处：《南京邮电大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：桥梁的建设和使用处在开放环境中,除了桥梁结构自重、材料老化等自身因素外,还时刻遭受着其它自然环境和人为因素的持续影响,致使桥梁产生不同程度的损伤和劣化。这些隐患若得不到及时检修,轻则影响行车体验、缩短服役时间,重则导致桥塌事故、危及生命健康,因此对桥梁进行实时健康监测很有必要。桥梁线形是桥梁健康状况评价的重要指标,反映了桥梁的整体工作状况,其变化情况可以由桥梁关键断面的挠度来表征。本文在分析众多挠度测量方法的基础上,结合天津海河大桥健康监测项目的需求,提出了一种桥梁线形监测系统方案,设计了一种高精度倾角仪和多类型接口数据采集终端。该倾角仪借助倾角传感器对倾角状态进行检测,通过差分处理滤除影响测量精度的共模噪声干扰。此外,采用微处理器对倾角电压信号进行过采样和温度补偿处理,进一步提高测量精度。同时对通信接口电路实施隔离和抗雷击设计,有效抑制高能瞬态干扰。设计的采集终端集成了多种模拟、数字信号接口,能实现监测系统对桥梁不同类型传感器的数据采集,其中GPRS/CDMA模块能将所有采集的数据通过无线网络上传到监控中心进行数据分析和安全评估,实现对桥梁线形状态的实时监测。通过实际对比测试显示,倾角仪测量精度达到0.005°,有效测量范围±15°,满足了桥梁线形测量的实际需求。
[Abstract]:The construction and use of bridges in the open environment, in addition to the bridge structure weight, material aging and other factors, but also suffered from other natural and man-made factors. If these hidden dangers are not repaired in time, they will affect the driving experience, shorten the service time, cause bridge collapse accident and endanger life and health. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out real-time health monitoring for bridges. Bridge alignment is an important index for the evaluation of bridge health status, which reflects the overall working status of the bridge. The variation can be represented by the deflection of the key section of the bridge. Based on the analysis of many deflection measurement methods and the needs of the health monitoring project of Tianjin Haihe Bridge, a bridge linear monitoring system scheme is proposed in this paper. A kind of high-precision dipmeter and multi-type interface data acquisition terminal are designed. The obliquity sensor is used to detect the obliquity state, and the common-mode noise interference which affects the measurement accuracy is filtered by differential processing. In addition, The oversampling and temperature compensation of dip voltage signal are carried out by microprocessor to further improve the measuring accuracy. At the same time, the communication interface circuit is isolated and designed to resist lightning strike. The designed acquisition terminal integrates a variety of analog and digital signal interfaces, which can realize the data acquisition of different types of sensors in the bridge by the monitoring system. The GPRS/CDMA module can upload all the collected data to the monitoring center through the wireless network for data analysis and safety evaluation, and realize the real-time monitoring of the bridge linear status. The precision of the dipmeter is 0.005 掳and the effective measuring range is 卤15 掳, which meets the practical requirement of the bridge alignment measurement.
【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U446;TP212

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