智能通风柜控制系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-04-08 11:22

本文选题：通风柜　切入点：树莓派　出处：《山东理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,化学实验室安全事故频发,实验安全问题已引起全社会的广泛关注。通风柜是化学实验室中不可或缺的实验设备,与实验安全息息相关,其作用是将实验过程中产生的难闻、有毒或有腐蚀性的有害气体从室内抽离。目前,常用的通风柜只能按照固定风量排风,其安全性低,且功能单一、不便使用。为提高其安全性、方便实验人员使用,因此设计了一种智能通风柜控制系统。本系统由通风柜控制端和远程监控平台组成。通风柜控制端包括嵌入式计算机(树莓派)、测量子系统、控制子系统和人机交互子系统。测量子系统由人体感应传感器、测距传感器和转速测量模块组成,完成各项工作参数的测量;控制子系统由视窗电机、排风机、报警模块和LED灯条组成,执行各项功能;人机交互子系统由液晶触摸屏和摄像头组成,实现人机交互;树莓派协调各子系统工作,并通过网络与远程监控平台进行数据交互。远程监控平台采用HBuilder开发工具和PHP语言进行开发,并选用MySQL数据库存储数据。本系统具有视窗自动升降、罩面风速控制、系统参数显示、报警、持续排风、图片采集以及远程监控等功能。其中,罩面风速控制和远程监控功能是系统的核心功能,也是通风柜智能化控制的体现。系统根据视窗开启高度实时调节通风柜排风量,进而维持罩面风速的稳定。系统使用晶闸管控制排风机转速,进而调节排风量,并应用PID算法加快调节过程、提高系统稳定性。远程监控功能是系统的重要创新点。实验人员通过浏览器登录远程监控平台后,能够对通风柜进行远程监测与控制。系统开发完成后,对系统进行测试。测试结果表明,系统各项功能正常,且运行稳定。系统具有操作简单、使用方便、节能、扩展性强、稳定性好等优点,有效地改变了现有通风柜功能单一、安全性差的现状。
[Abstract]:In recent years, chemical laboratory safety accidents occur frequently, experimental safety problems have attracted wide attention of the whole society.Ventilation cabinet is an indispensable experimental equipment in chemical laboratory, which is closely related to experimental safety. Its function is to remove noxious, noxious or corrosive gases from the laboratory.At present, the commonly used ventilator can only exhaust air according to the fixed air volume, its security is low, and the function is single, inconvenient to use.An intelligent ventilation cabinet control system is designed to improve its safety and facilitate the use of laboratory personnel.The system consists of ventilation cabinet control terminal and remote monitoring platform.The ventilation cabinet control terminal includes embedded computer (raspberry pie, measurement subsystem, control subsystem and man-machine interaction subsystem).The measurement subsystem is composed of human sensor, ranging sensor and rotational speed measuring module, and the control subsystem is composed of windows motor, exhaust machine, alarm module and LED lamp bar to perform various functions.The human-computer interaction subsystem is composed of LCD touch screen and camera to realize human-computer interaction. Raspberry pie coordinates the work of each subsystem and interacts with remote monitoring platform through the network.The remote monitoring platform is developed with HBuilder and PHP, and MySQL database is used to store data.The system has the functions of automatic lifting of windows, wind speed control, display of system parameters, alarm, continuous ventilation, picture collection and remote monitoring and so on.Among them, covering wind speed control and remote monitoring are the core functions of the system, and also reflect the intelligent control of ventilation cabinet.The system adjusts the exhaust volume of the ventilation cabinet according to the height of window opening, and then maintains the stability of the covering wind speed.The system uses thyristor to control the speed of the exhaust machine and then adjusts the exhaust air volume. The PID algorithm is used to speed up the adjustment process and improve the stability of the system.Remote monitoring is an important innovation of the system.The experimenter can monitor and control the ventilation cabinet remotely after logging on the remote monitoring platform through browser.After the development of the system, the system is tested.The test results show that all functions of the system are normal and running stably.The system has the advantages of simple operation, convenient use, energy saving, strong expansibility and good stability.
【学位授予单位】：山东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O6-32;TP273

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