编码曝光推帧成像技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-08 20:39

本文选题：编码曝光　切入点：推帧　出处：《苏州大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：光学遥感成像技术广泛应用于军事侦查、资源勘查、灾情监测等领域。目前光学遥感主要采用线阵探测器,以推扫方式成像,工作效率低,控制系统复杂,设备体积庞大。随着新型大面阵CCD和CMOS芯片问世,遥感逐渐向轻小型、高分辨率的面阵成像系统发展。本文研究面阵空间遥感成像理论和方法,提出基于编码曝光技术的面阵推帧成像方案。首先,阐述本课题的选题依据和研究意义,介绍国内外在面阵遥感成像方面的研究和应用状况,简述本文内容安排。然后,说明“推帧”的概念,分析成像系统在空间分辨率、曝光时间、信噪比及调制传递函数之间存在的制约关系。针对推帧时的前向像移问题,讨论现有像移补偿方法。随后,分析光机补偿式面阵成像方法和面阵时间延迟积分(TDI)成像方法,指出光机补偿式方法需要高精度机械部件,系统控制机构复杂;面阵时间延迟积分法则需实时探测平台速高比,需要设计特殊的时序驱动电路。为避免上述方法的不足,本文提出基于编码曝光技术的面阵遥感成像方法。通过介绍编码曝光原理,重点研究编码曝光在推帧遥感中的应用,提出长度可定、积分时间可控的编码曝光码字优选算法,建立控制曝光的码字查找表和成像链路。仿真实验和光学试验验证了利用编码曝光技术获取面阵推帧图像的可行性,采用PSNR、SSIM等算法评价仿真遥感图像质量。引入图像质量方程(GIQE),根据所模拟地面分辨率3米的遥感系统,计算该成像模型对应的美国国家图像解译度等级标准(NIIRS)。最后,总结论文工作,指出存在的问题和不足,展望今后面阵推帧遥感成像技术的发展前景。
[Abstract]:Optical remote sensing imaging technology is widely used in military investigation, resource exploration, disaster monitoring and other fields.At present, linear array detector is mainly used in optical remote sensing, which is characterized by low efficiency, complex control system and large volume of equipment.With the advent of new large array CCD and CMOS chips, remote sensing is gradually developing to light, small and high resolution area array imaging system.In this paper, the theory and method of planar space remote sensing imaging are studied.First of all, the research basis and significance of this topic are described, and the research and application of area array remote sensing imaging at home and abroad are introduced, and the content arrangement of this paper is briefly described.Then, the concept of "frame extrapolation" is explained, and the relationship between spatial resolution, exposure time, signal-to-noise ratio and modulation transfer function of the imaging system is analyzed.Aiming at the forward image shift problem in frame pushing, the existing image shift compensation methods are discussed.Then, the plane array imaging method and the TDI-based imaging method are analyzed. It is pointed out that the optical compensation method needs high precision mechanical components, and the control mechanism of the system is complex.The array time delay integration method needs real-time detection of platform speed to height ratio, and special timing drive circuit needs to be designed.In order to avoid the shortcomings of the above methods, an area array remote sensing imaging method based on coded exposure technique is proposed in this paper.This paper introduces the principle of coded exposure, focuses on the application of coded exposure in push frame remote sensing, puts forward an optimized algorithm of code exposure codeword selection with variable length and controllable integral time, and establishes the codeword lookup table and imaging link to control exposure.Simulation experiments and optical experiments verify the feasibility of using the coding exposure technique to obtain the area array push-frame images. PSNRX SSIM algorithm is used to evaluate the quality of simulated remote sensing images.The image quality equation (GIQE) is introduced. According to the simulated ground resolution 3 m remote sensing system, the NIIRSS standard corresponding to this imaging model is calculated.Finally, the paper summarizes the work, points out the existing problems and shortcomings, and looks forward to the future development of the area frame remote sensing imaging technology.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP751

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