永磁同步电机矢量控制系统弱磁控制研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 13:49

本文选题：永磁同步电机 + 矢量控制　；参考：《中国矿业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：永磁同步电机以其结构简单、损耗小、功率密度和效率高等诸多优点广泛应用于许多领域中。以电动汽车为代表的永磁同步电机调速系统需要具有较宽的调速范围,传统矢量控制方法无法使其长期运行于额定转速以上,需进行弱磁控制来拓宽其转速范围。本文分别采用基于双电流调节器的超前角弱磁控制方法和基于单电流调节器的弱磁控制方法对永磁同步电机矢量控制系统弱磁控制展开研究。首先介绍了永磁同步电机的物理模型和数学模型,分析了矢量控制的原理及其电流控制策略,详细分析了SVPWM的基本原理和数字实现方法。阐述了永磁同步电机矢量控制的电压和电流约束条件,详细介绍了弱磁控制的原理和策略,给出了其在弱磁控制时的三个运行区域。分析了基于双电流调节器超前角弱磁控制的基本原理和调节器的参数整定方法。在此基础上于MATLAB/Simulink环境中搭建仿真模型进行仿真分析,仿真结果表明采取该方法可以有效提高电机的调速范围且在弱磁运行时具有一定的带载能力。通过理论分析发现永磁同步电机采取双电流调节器弱磁控制高速运行时两电流调节器耦合较为严重,针对该问题尝试利用这种电流耦合现象,采取基于单电流调节器的弱磁控制方法。首先对定交轴电压单电流调节器弱磁控制的原理进行分析,并对其稳态和动态性能展开讨论,由于该方法的交轴电压给定为固定值,不能运行在最优工作点,使其带负载能力和效率降低。在此基础上采用了一种变交轴电压单电流调节器弱磁控制方法,并对其可控性进行分析,给出了其弱磁控制的切换条件,解决了定交轴电压单电流调节器弱磁控制存在的问题。最后在MATLAB/Simulink环境中搭建仿真模型并进行仿真对比分析,结果表明单电流调节器弱磁控制可以有效解决双电流调节器弱磁控制电机高速运行时电流耦合的问题,且采用变交轴电压弱磁控制比定交轴电压弱磁控制具有较强的带载能力和更高的效率。最后搭建了系统实验平台,并进行软件设计,在此基础上对基于双电流调节器的超前角弱磁控制进行了实验分析,实验结果与仿真效果一致。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is widely used in many fields because of its simple structure, low loss, high power density and high efficiency.The permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) speed control system represented by electric vehicle needs to have a wide range of speed regulation. The traditional vector control method can not make it run above rated speed for a long time, so it needs weak magnetic field control to widen its speed range.In this paper, the current weakening control method based on double current regulator and the weak magnetic field control method based on single current regulator are used to study the magnetic weakening control of permanent magnet synchronous motor vector control system.Firstly, the physical model and mathematical model of PMSM are introduced, the principle of vector control and its current control strategy are analyzed, and the basic principle and digital realization method of SVPWM are analyzed in detail.The voltage and current constraints of vector control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) are described. The principle and strategy of weak magnetic field control are introduced in detail. The three operating regions of PMSM vector control are given.The basic principle of the advance angle weak magnetic control based on the double current regulator and the parameter tuning method of the regulator are analyzed.The simulation results show that this method can effectively improve the speed range of the motor and has a certain load capacity in weak magnetic field operation.Through the theoretical analysis, it is found that the coupling of the two current regulators is more serious when the permanent magnet synchronous motor adopts the dual current regulator to control the weak magnetic field at high speed. In order to solve this problem, this paper attempts to utilize this kind of current coupling phenomenon.The weak magnetic field control method based on single current regulator is adopted.Firstly, the principle of weak magnetic field control of constant axis voltage and single current regulator is analyzed, and its steady and dynamic performances are discussed. Because the alternating axis voltage of this method is given as a fixed value, it cannot run at the optimal operating point.Reduce its load capacity and efficiency.On the basis of this, a weak magnetic field control method of variable alternating axis voltage and single current regulator is adopted, and its controllability is analyzed. The switching condition of its weak magnetic field control is given, and the problem of weak magnetic field control of constant alternating axis voltage and single current regulator is solved.Finally, the simulation model is built in MATLAB/Simulink environment and the simulation results show that the single current regulator weak magnetic control can effectively solve the problem of current coupling during the high speed operation of the motor controlled by double current regulator.And the variable alternating axis voltage weak magnetic control has stronger load capacity and higher efficiency than the fixed axis voltage weak magnetic control.Finally, the system experimental platform is set up, and the software is designed. Based on this, the advance angle weak magnetic control based on double current regulator is analyzed experimentally, and the experimental results are consistent with the simulation results.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM341;TP273

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