基于互联网的公寓在线监测报警系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-04-11 09:59

本文选题：监测报警 + 异常检测算法　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：城市化的不断发展使得人们居住和工作的地方越来越集中,公寓火灾由于发生的时间短、持续的周期长、造成的后果严重,成为了威胁和危害小区居民生命和财产安全的最主要安全事故,火灾发生后第一时间报警和疏散居民是减少损失的重要手段。传统的火灾监测报警模式多采用有线数据传输和局域网数据传输,往往不能够在第一时间通知高层住户进行逃生,并存在成本高、报警不及时等问题。针对以上问题,本文提出一种基于互联网的监测报警系统,在线监测公寓内各单元房间的火灾点参数,当检测出火灾发生后,能够第一时间报警,并能够在第一时间通知所有居民逃生。本文根据国内平安城市项目的要求,完成了火灾在线监测报警系统数据采集和无线通信模块的硬件设计,数据在线展示和报警模块的软件设计。下位机数据采集模块通过驱动传感器,实现了室内的温度和烟雾浓度的检测功能;无线通信模块由单片机控制,实现了将数据无线传输到远程服务器的功能;上位机数据在线展示模块负责对下位机无线传输的数据进行在线页面显示,方便住户和管理人员随时查看公寓各单元房间的室内情况;数据报警模块通过异常检测算法筛选出异常房间点,并由Nagios监控软件实时监听和分析异常原因,在火灾发生的第一时间对公寓所有居民发送告警通知。本文主要阐述了在线监测报警系统的工作原理,介绍了下位机的温度采集模块和烟雾浓度检测模块的方案设计;上位机TCP服务端和Web实时数据展示界面的功能设计,采用GPRS技术作为上下位机的数据通信方案;Nagios监测报警服务的设计,研究和实现了用于检测火灾的异常检测算法。最后通过试验,对本系统的监测和报警功能进行了验证。本系统下位机产品直接采用GPRS网络进行数据传输,并不依赖特殊的网络,通过对低成本芯片,如STC89C52RC单片机的合理充分利用,使得成本较低,适合广泛安装在小区、公寓、公司等存在安全隐患的场合。
[Abstract]:The continuous development of urbanization makes people live and work more and more concentrated, apartment fires because of the short time, the duration of a long period of time, resulting in serious consequences,It has become the most important safety accident that threatens and endangers the life and property safety of the residents. The first time alarm and evacuation of residents after the fire is an important means to reduce the losses.The traditional fire monitoring and alarm mode usually uses wired data transmission and LAN data transmission, and often can not notify the upper residents in the first time to escape, and there are many problems such as high cost, not timely alarm and so on.In order to solve the above problems, this paper puts forward an Internet-based monitoring and alarm system, which can monitor the fire point parameters of each unit room in the apartment on line, and when the fire occurs, it can alarm the first time.And be able to notify all residents of the first time to escape.According to the requirements of Pingan City Project in China, the hardware design of data acquisition and wireless communication module of fire on-line monitoring and alarm system, the software design of data online display and alarm module are completed in this paper.The data acquisition module of the lower computer realizes the detection function of indoor temperature and smoke concentration by driving the sensor, the wireless communication module is controlled by the single chip microcomputer, and the function of wireless transmission to the remote server is realized.The data online display module of the upper computer is responsible for displaying the data transmitted by the lower computer wireless on line, so as to facilitate the residents and managers to view the indoor conditions of the apartment units at any time.The data alarm module selects the abnormal room points by the anomaly detection algorithm, and the Nagios monitoring software monitors and analyzes the abnormal reasons in real time, and sends alarm notice to all residents of the apartment at the first time when the fire occurs.This paper mainly describes the working principle of the on-line monitoring and alarm system, introduces the scheme design of the temperature acquisition module and smoke concentration detection module of the lower computer, the function design of the upper computer TCP server and the Web real-time data display interface.Using GPRS technology as the data communication scheme of upper and lower computers, the design of Nagios monitoring and alarm service is presented, and an anomaly detection algorithm for fire detection is studied and implemented.Finally, the monitoring and alarm functions of the system are verified by experiments.The lower computer product of this system directly adopts GPRS network for data transmission, does not rely on special network, through the low cost chip, such as STC89C52RC microcontroller reasonable full use, causes the cost to be lower, is suitable for the widespread installation in the community, the apartment, the apartment,Companies and other occasions where there are hidden safety problems.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP277;TU892

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