超导纳米线单光子探测器监控系统研究与实现

发布时间：2018-04-14 14:13

本文选题：超导纳米线单光子探测器 + 实时监控　；参考：《兰州理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为一种高灵敏度的新式单光子探测器,超导纳米线单光子探测器(Superconducting Nanowire Single-photon Detector,SNSPD)在近红外波段的探测性能明显优于其他类型的单光子探测器。因此,对于SNSPD的基础理论研究与实际应用研发成为了单光子探测技术领域的研究热点。目前,全世界拥有SNSPD独立研发能力的科研团队不到10个,并且专注于SNSPD芯片的研制与改良,虽然取得了巨大进展,但仍存在很多关键性的问题亟待解决。例如,科研人员在SNSPD使用过程中经常会因设备手动操作流程复杂以及相关知识匮乏引发大量误操作,降低了SNSPD的工作效率。为了减少SNSPD使用过程中因操作流程复杂引发的误操作,本文研究并开发了一种操作简单、自动化程度高、实时信息显示全面、故障预警及时的超导纳米线单光子探测器监控系统,主要研究工作如下:1)SNSPD监控系统硬件平台搭建。首先,对SNSPD手动操作系统的结构、工作原理以及操作流程进行了简单介绍,并分析了手动操作系统存在的不足;其次,对SNSPD监控系统进行了详尽的需求分析,并对监控系统中的关键性设备进行合理选型;最后,设计了监控系统的供电方案与通讯方案,搭建了监控系统的硬件平台。2)SNSPD监控系统软件设计与实现。首先,根据需求分析,对监控系统软件需要实现的功能进行归纳总结,并对软件进行模块划分,以图形化的方式生动地阐述了软件各个模块之间的交互过程,以及软件与硬件之间的接口关系;其次,以系统中的设备为硬件依托、Visual Studio 2012为开发环境、C#为主要开发语言、SQL Sever 2012为本地数据库进行软件的具体开发与实现,最终研发出一套集设备控制功能、数据实时显示功能、故障预警功能于一身的SNSPD监控系统。其中,故障预警功能是基于时间序列自回归移动平均(Auto-Regressive and Moving Average,ARMA)数据预测模型实现的。3)SNSPD监控系统测试。为了更好地检测SNSPD监控系统的性能,对系统进行了功能性测试与非功能性测试,并对测试过程与测试结果进行了详细阐述。其中,功能性测试包括系统各个模块功能的运行测试;非功能性测试包括系统稳定性与可靠性测试、系统响应时间测试及系统安全性测试。本文研究并开发的超导纳米线单光子探测器监控系统通过了实验室严格测试,并已在南京大学超导电子学研究所、中电集团第34研究所以及中科院云南天文台等科研单位进行了实际应用,运行效果良好,满足了设计要求,大大提升了超导纳米线单光子探测器的工作效率。
[Abstract]:As a new type of single photon detector with high sensitivity, Superconducting Nanowire Single-photon detector SNSPD is superior to other kinds of single photon detectors in the near infrared band.Therefore, the research on the basic theory and practical application of SNSPD has become a hot spot in the field of single photon detection technology.At present, there are less than 10 research teams with independent R & D capability of SNSPD all over the world, and they focus on the development and improvement of SNSPD chips. Although great progress has been made, there are still many key problems to be solved.For example, during the use of SNSPD, researchers often cause a large number of misoperations due to the complexity of the manual operation process of equipment and the lack of relevant knowledge, which reduces the efficiency of SNSPD.In order to reduce the misoperation caused by complicated operation process in SNSPD, this paper studies and develops a kind of simple operation, high automatization and comprehensive display of real-time information.The monitoring system of superconducting nanowire single photon detector with timely fault warning is mainly studied as follows: 1 / 1 SNSPD monitoring system hardware platform.Firstly, the structure, working principle and operation flow of SNSPD manual operating system are briefly introduced, and the shortcomings of manual operating system are analyzed. Secondly, the requirements of SNSPD monitoring system are analyzed in detail.The key equipment in the monitoring system is selected reasonably. Finally, the power supply scheme and communication scheme of the monitoring system are designed, and the hardware platform of the monitoring system. 2. SNSPD monitoring system software design and implementation.First of all, according to the requirement analysis, the functions of the monitoring system software are summarized, and the software modules are divided, and the interactive process between the various modules of the software is described vividly in a graphic way.And the interface relationship between software and hardware. Secondly, based on Visual Studio 2012 as the development environment, SQL Sever 2012 is used as the main development language to develop and implement the software.Finally, a set of SNSPD monitoring system with equipment control function, real-time data display function and fault warning function is developed.Among them, the fault warning function is based on the time series Auto-Regressive and Moving average ARMA-based data prediction model.In order to better test the performance of SNSPD monitoring system, functional and non-functional tests are carried out, and the test process and test results are described in detail.Functional test includes running test of each module function, non-functional test includes system stability and reliability test, system response time test and system security test.The superconducting nanowire single-photon detector monitoring system developed in this paper has passed the strict test in the laboratory and has been carried out at the Institute of Superconducting Electronics of Nanjing University.The research institutes such as the 34th Research Institute of China Electric Power Group and Yunnan Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have carried out practical applications. The operation results are good, which meet the design requirements and greatly improve the working efficiency of the superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN15;TP277

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