生物炭制备监测系统的研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 01:26

  本文选题：热解 + 炭化　； 参考：《沈阳农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于全球人口不断地增长和经济技术的快速发展,化石燃料的不可再生性质和燃烧过程所造成的环境污染,使人们开始迫切的寻找可以替代化石燃料的可再生能源。生物质热解技术的出现,能够解决这个问题。生物质在生长过程中生物质能够固定炭和能量,是一种新型可再生能源,而且被认为是当前世界上主要的补充化石燃料的资源。由于只具备光合作用就可以使用生物质存活,所以资源相当丰富,全球每一年能够产生1730亿吨的物质,这些物质存储的的能量约为全球能源消耗量的10或20倍,但是这些能量的利用率并不高,还不及3%。所以我们面对这么多可以利用的资源,就应该加大力度的对生物质热解炭化技术进行研究。本文先通过对生物质炭化热解技术的研究背景和意义进行分析,在此此基础上了解炭化工艺和炭化方法及炭化技术流程,了解对炭化机理产生影响的因素和对热解炭化反应器进行了介绍,最重要的是总结了生物炭与现代农业的关系,我国是农业大国,因此对此进行研究具有重要意义。在研究和分析了这些的基础上,发现生物质炭化的一起较大,不够方便监控起来虽然智能化,还在炭化一些技术进行了解的基础上,设计了两种不同热解炭化温度的监测系统,一种是基于数据记录仪的监测技术,另一种是基于MCGS的监控技术。通过对数据记录仪的了解,并自主设计了一种监测系统,包括主电路、监控电路、温度控制和交流接触器等组成在监测气体的同时又加入了传感器的选择,最后对此系统用农业秸秆作为原料进行了实验,结果发现本设计与实际的气态产率趋势一样。虽然数据记录仪使用起来方便简单,但是价格较贵,所以又设计了另一种监测系统,基于MCGS的监测。硬件包括ADAM系列模块的选择、交流接触器、温度传感器、气体传感器等,也用同样的秸秆进行实验炭化监测实验。最后对本文进行了总结以及对炭化设备大型化和炭化原料和一些技术难题进行了展望。
[Abstract]:Due to the continuous growth of global population and the rapid development of economy and technology, the non-renewable nature of fossil fuels and the environmental pollution caused by the combustion process, people begin to look for renewable energy sources which can replace fossil fuels urgently. The emergence of biomass pyrolysis technology can solve this problem. Biomass can immobilize carbon and energy in the process of growth. It is a new renewable energy and is regarded as the main resource of supplementing fossil fuels in the world. Because biomass can be used for survival only with photosynthesis, there are plenty of resources that produce 173 billion tons of substances a year around the world that store about 10 or 20 times as much energy as the world's energy consumption. But the utilization rate of these energies is not high, not as high as three. So we should strengthen the research on biomass pyrolysis carbonization technology in the face of so many available resources. In this paper, the research background and significance of biomass carbonization pyrolysis technology are analyzed, and the carbonization process, carbonization method and carbonization technology flow are understood. The factors affecting the carbonization mechanism and the pyrolytic carbonization reactor are introduced. The most important is to summarize the relationship between biochar and modern agriculture. China is a big agricultural country, so it is of great significance to study it. On the basis of the research and analysis, it is found that biomass carbonization is relatively large, which is not convenient for monitoring. Although it is intelligent and based on the understanding of some carbonization technologies, two kinds of monitoring systems with different pyrolysis carbonization temperatures are designed. One is based on data recorder monitoring technology, the other is based on MCGS monitoring technology. Based on the understanding of the data recorder, a monitoring system is designed, which includes main circuit, monitoring circuit, temperature control and AC contactor and so on, which not only monitors the gas, but also adds the selection of sensors. Finally, the system was tested using agricultural straw as raw material, and the results showed that the design was the same as the actual gas yield trend. Although the data recorder is easy to use, but the price is expensive, so another monitoring system based on MCGS is designed. The hardware includes the selection of ADAM series module, AC contactor, temperature sensor, gas sensor and so on. Finally, the paper summarizes and prospects the large-scale carbonization and carbonization raw materials and some technical problems of carbonization equipment.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP274
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本文编号：1799155