堆叠式微型数据采集系统关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 19:01

本文选题：数据采集 + 通道扩展　；参考：《中北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前,新型的数据采集系统正在朝着结构微型化、功能通用化、通道可扩展的方向发展。堆叠式微型数据采集系统基于微型结构设计,具备配置灵活、通道易扩展的突出特点,能实时采集和存储设备工作过程中的振动、冲击、压力、应变和温度等信息。在车辆安全测试、航天试验分析、安全器械研发等应用领域具有重要的现实意义。论文针对堆叠式微型数据采集系统的设计要求,从系统指标分析和总体设计方案出发,对采集系统的硬件电路和FPGA控制逻辑进行了详细介绍。主要完成了以下几个方面的工作:(1)首先设计了桥式传感器接口电路和前端程控放大、程控滤波等电路,能根据上位机写入的程控参数完成信号调理设置。完成了芯片选型和电路原理图绘制。针对3路独立ADC设计了同步采集电路,采用异步FIFO对各通道采集数据进行缓存和编帧。(2)针对采集系统可灵活配置采集模块数量,扩展采集通道的设计要求,从优化物理接口和可靠通信的角度出发,设计了以M-LVDS接口为基础的多点互联总线通信链路,对M-LVDS多点通信技术进行分析说明,并对数据采集模块和控制模块之间的指令与数据传输帧格式进行了规定和校验。(3)使用Verilog语言编写了各控制模块的逻辑程序,使用Modelsim软件对各模块进行了功能仿真和时序分析。最后为采集系统搭建了系统测试平台,使用Chip Scope软件完成逻辑程序的板级调试,使用相关仪器对调理电路进行测试分析,并通过上位机软件对采集系统的指令和数据传输性能进行了验证。测试结果表明本课题设计的堆叠式微型数据采集系统各项功能正常,可通过上位机软件设置各通道增益系数、滤波参数以及采样率。能根据用户需求灵活配置采集模块数量,扩展采集通道。采集模块与控制模块之间数据传输稳定,带宽符合要求。系统整体性能良好,具有工程应用价值。
[Abstract]:At present, the new data acquisition system is developing towards structure miniaturization, function generalization and channel extensibility. The stacked micro data acquisition system is designed on the basis of micro structure. It has the outstanding features of flexible configuration and easy expansion of channels. It can collect and store the information of vibration, shock, pressure, strain and temperature in the working process of the equipment in real time. It has important practical significance in vehicle safety test, spaceflight test analysis, safety instrument research and development and so on. According to the design requirements of stacked micro data acquisition system, the hardware circuit and FPGA control logic of the collection system are introduced in detail from the system index analysis and the overall design scheme. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1) first of all, the bridge sensor interface circuit and the front-end programmable amplifier and program-controlled filter circuits are designed, which can adjust and set the signal according to the programmed control parameters written by the upper computer. Chip selection and circuit schematic drawing are completed. A synchronous acquisition circuit is designed for three independent ADC channels. The asynchronous FIFO is used to cache and frame the data collected in each channel. For the acquisition system, the number of acquisition modules can be configured flexibly, and the design requirements of the acquisition channels can be expanded. From the point of view of optimizing physical interface and reliable communication, the communication link of multi-point interconnection bus based on M-LVDS interface is designed, and the M-LVDS multipoint communication technology is analyzed and explained. The instruction and data transmission frame format between the data acquisition module and the control module are defined and verified. The logic program of each control module is compiled with Verilog language, and the function simulation and timing analysis of each module are carried out by using Modelsim software. Finally, the system testing platform is built for the acquisition system. The logic program is debugged at the board level by using Chip Scope software, and the conditioning circuit is tested and analyzed by relevant instruments. The command and data transmission performance of the acquisition system is verified by the upper computer software. The test results show that the stack microdata acquisition system designed in this paper has normal functions and can be used to set the gain coefficient, filter parameters and sampling rate of each channel through the upper computer software. Can flexibly configure the number of acquisition modules according to user needs, and expand the collection channel. The data transmission between the acquisition module and the control module is stable and the bandwidth meets the requirements. The overall performance of the system is good and has engineering application value.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP274.2

【参考文献】