单幅山脉遥感图像高程信息估计及应用

发布时间：2018-05-06 18:36

本文选题：暗通道 + 高程信息提取　；参考：《南京理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国是一个自然灾害频发的国家,其中,滑坡、泥石流就是两种典型的地质灾害,它们危害最大、分布最广、发生最频繁。因此,对滑坡泥石流的检测很有必要,本文提出了一种基于暗通道原理的单幅遥感图像高程值提取算法,同时给出了一种克服山脉阴影影响的解决策略,得到的高程信息可以应用于滑坡、泥石流自然灾害的检测。从下面四个方面阐述本文的主要研究工作和研究成果:(1)通过对大量山脉遥感图像的分析,验证了暗通道先验原理同样适用于山脉遥感图像,并将暗通道原理结合单幅山脉遥感图像来提取山脉高程。(2)利用了山脉的地理信息来分析阴影分布情况和阴影特点,阐述了几种普遍的阴影检测算法,引入机器学习检测阴影的思想,并对阴影检测的结果进行定量和定性分析,选择最佳的阴影检测算法。(3)将输出的高程信息用于滑坡泥石流检测,对疑似滑坡泥石流的区域,结合输出的高程信息图,分析区域周围的高程信息,判断是否发生滑坡泥石流。(4)开发实现了一个全新的单幅山脉遥感图像提取高程及应用系统,融合了基于暗通道原理的高程提取算法,基于阴影调整的高程信息提取算法,以及结合高程信息的滑坡泥石流检测,为将来的研究提供简便有力的工具。对大量山脉遥感图像进行了定量和定性分析,实验结果表明,本文提出的算法能够有效提取出包含阴影的单幅山脉遥感图像的相对高程信息,并且该高程信息能够较好地用于滑坡泥石流自然灾害的检测。
[Abstract]:China is a country with frequent natural disasters, among which landslide and debris flow are two typical geological disasters, which are the most harmful, most widely distributed and most frequent. Therefore, it is necessary to detect landslide and debris flow. In this paper, a single remote sensing image elevation extraction algorithm based on dark channel principle is proposed, and a solution strategy to overcome the influence of mountain shadow is given. The obtained elevation information can be applied to the detection of landslide and debris flow natural disasters. By analyzing a large number of remote sensing images of mountain ranges, it is proved that the prior principle of dark channels is also applicable to remote sensing images of mountain ranges. The principle of dark channel is combined with a single remote sensing image of mountain range to extract mountain elevation. (2) using the geographic information of mountain range to analyze the shadow distribution and shadow characteristics, several common shadow detection algorithms are described. The idea of detecting shadow by machine learning is introduced, and the results of shadow detection are analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively, and the best shadow detection algorithm. Combined with the output elevation information map, the height information around the area is analyzed, and the landslide and debris flow is judged. 4) A completely new remote sensing image of single mountain range is developed to extract elevation and its application system. The algorithm of height extraction based on dark channel principle, height information extraction algorithm based on shadow adjustment, and landslide and debris flow detection combined with elevation information are combined to provide a simple and powerful tool for future research. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of a large number of remote sensing images of mountain ranges has been carried out. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can effectively extract the relative elevation information of a single mountain remote sensing image with shadow. The elevation information can be used to detect natural disasters of landslide and debris flow.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP751

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