基于ARM的地震预警系统终端设计

发布时间：2018-05-06 18:34

本文选题：地震预警 + MEMS加速度计　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：地震灾害严重的威胁着人类的生命财产安全,现如今我国对地震的防范还处于初级阶段,全国还没有建立起有效的地震防范系统。针对当前背景,本文设计的地震预警终端作为地震预警系统的一部分,主要完成的功能是对加速度信号的实时采集,并且对采集到的加速度信号进行相应的处理,以判断是否有地震事件发生,同时在地震发生时发出预警信息并且完成对地震数据的存储和传输。在硬件方面,本文对整个系统做了一个详细的需求分析,并且根据实际情况选择了相应的芯片型号,最后利用以ARM Cortex?-A8为控制器的核心板和ADXL355芯片设计了相应的地震预警终端硬件系统。核心板可以控制加速度计对加速度进行实时采集并且对其进行相应的处理。同时,终端里面还加入了GPS模块进行系统授时,以保证整个系统能有一个较高的守时精度。在软件方面,首先是利用多线程程序设计中的生产者-消费者模型并结合信号量及互斥锁等技术完成了对系统整体框架的设计,保证系统可以长时间可靠的运行,并且设计了实时采集和地震触发的两种工作模式,同时完成了两种模式之间的任意切换;其次根据数据采集实际情况设计了相应的数据结构来存储数据,并且设计相应的数据替换清理算法来保证系统可以长时间运行;同时,设计并实现了相关的数据处理算法,其中包括了IIR数字滤波器的设计与实现、地震事件判定长短窗算法的实现、地震事件发生后实时地震数据的计算和地震数据的压缩存储;完成了对加速度原始数据的提取和解析,对GPS数据帧的分析和提取;并且利用TCP/IP模型完成了与台网中心的网络通讯,采用I/O口复用的通信模式实现了实时响应台网中心命令的功能;最后根据采集的相应数据测试了终端的整体性能指标,并且完成了对系统整个功能的测试。
[Abstract]:Earthquake disaster is a serious threat to the safety of human life and property. Nowadays, the earthquake prevention is still in the primary stage in our country, and no effective earthquake prevention system has been established in China. In view of the current background, the seismic warning terminal designed in this paper is a part of the earthquake warning system, the main function of which is to collect the acceleration signal in real time, and to process the acceleration signal accordingly. In order to judge whether there is an earthquake event or not, at the same time send out early warning information and complete the storage and transmission of seismic data. In the aspect of hardware, this paper makes a detailed requirement analysis on the whole system, and selects the corresponding chip model according to the actual situation. Finally, the hardware system of earthquake warning terminal is designed by using the core board of ARM Cortex?-A8 and ADXL355 chip. The core plate can control the accelerometer to collect the acceleration in real time and process it accordingly. At the same time, GPS module is added to the terminal to ensure the system has a high precision of punctuality. In the aspect of software, firstly, the producer-consumer model in multithread programming is used to complete the design of the whole frame of the system by combining the technology of semaphore and mutex, so as to ensure that the system can run reliably for a long time. Two working modes of real-time acquisition and seismic trigger are designed, and the arbitrary switching between the two modes is completed. Secondly, according to the actual situation of data acquisition, the corresponding data structure is designed to store data. And the corresponding data replacement cleaning algorithm is designed to ensure that the system can run for a long time. At the same time, the related data processing algorithm is designed and implemented, including the design and implementation of IIR digital filter. The realization of the algorithm of the long and short window of seismic events, the calculation of real-time seismic data and the compression storage of seismic data after the occurrence of seismic events, the extraction and analysis of the original acceleration data and the analysis and extraction of the GPS data frames are completed. The TCP/IP model is used to complete the network communication with the center of the station network, and the communication mode of I / O port multiplexing is used to realize the function of responding to the command of the network center in real time. Finally, the overall performance index of the terminal is tested according to the relevant data collected. The whole function of the system is tested.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P315.75;TP277

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