预均化堆场物料体积自动测量系统的设计与研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 10:16

本文选题：体积测量 + 散乱点插值　；参考：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着工业4.0时代的到来,智能化、自动化已成为助推工业发展再次腾飞的关键因素,由其是在水泥产业。预均化堆场作为分散及存储水泥的仓库,在水泥的生产过程中起着至关重要的作用,但由于预均化堆场内物料流动性强,变化性大,并且工业环境恶劣,粉尘密布,其体积测量技术很难达到自动测量的程度。因此设计一套适用于预均化堆场内物料体积自动测量系统显得尤为关键,使其准确、快速、高效的完成物料体积测量结果与模拟三维成像图的显示。在预均化堆场物料体积自动测量系统中,将从点云数据采集子系统中采集到的数据,包括激光测距仪采集到的距离信息、水平步进电机的距离信息、垂直步进电机的角度信息及轨道段位信息,通过ESP8266无线模块发射端按照一定的通信规约传输至数据转发及显示子系统,在子系统的ESP8266无线模块接收端接收后,将其按照约定的通信协议由以太网传输到远程服务器,并将其实时存入数据库中,当点云原始数据采集完成后,调用三维空间坐标转换公式对其进行处理,得到三维空间点云坐标集,再经散乱点插值算法拟合出扫描的整个曲面,并得到相应的模拟三维成像图及物料的体积信息,随之将其存入MySQL数据库中,以方便企业员工进行查询。论文主要完成了该系统的整体设计,在硬件方面实现了系统机械结构设计、硬件电路组成模块、芯片选择、电路图及PCB的设计;在软件方面采用C语言编写了点云数据采集子系统、水平电机驱动子系统、数据转发及显示子系统的程序,同时完成了系统通信协议设计、服务器程序设计、数据库设计及客户端软件设计,并采用Linux系统实现了数据转发端的数据库访问及界面显示,采用Matlab完成了点云数据三维坐标的转换及空间散乱点插值算法的仿真与研究。为系统搭建了测试平台,进行功能测试,测试结果显示,本系统实现了对物料堆表面信息的数据采集、传输、处理、存储、查询及系统控制等功能,在实验室环境下该系统的准确性、稳定性均能满足水泥企业的生产需求。
[Abstract]:With the arrival of the industry 4.0 era, intelligence, automation has become the key factor to promote the development of industry, which is in the cement industry. The pre-homogenized yard, as a warehouse for dispersing and storing cement, plays an important role in the production of cement. However, due to the strong fluidity and variety of materials in the pre-homogenized yard, the industrial environment is bad and the dust is dense. Its volume measurement technology is difficult to reach the level of automatic measurement. So it is very important to design a set of automatic measurement system for material volume in pre-homogenized yard, which makes it accurate, fast and efficient to complete the results of material volume measurement and the display of simulated three-dimensional image. In the automatic measurement system of material volume in the pre-homogenized yard, the data collected from the point cloud data acquisition subsystem, including the distance information collected by the laser rangefinder and the distance information of the horizontal stepping motor, are included. The angle information and track segment information of vertical stepping motor are transmitted to the data forwarding and displaying subsystem according to a certain communication protocol at the transmitter of the ESP8266 wireless module. After receiving the information at the receiving end of the ESP8266 wireless module of the subsystem, It is transmitted from Ethernet to remote server according to the agreed communication protocol, and stored in the database in real time. When the original data collection of point cloud is finished, the coordinate transformation formula of 3D space is called to process it. The coordinate set of 3D point cloud is obtained, then the whole surface is fitted by scattered point interpolation algorithm, and the corresponding 3D imaging map and volume information of material are obtained, and then stored in the MySQL database. In order to facilitate the enterprise employees to query. The whole design of the system is mainly completed in this paper. In the aspect of hardware, the design of the mechanical structure of the system, the module of the hardware circuit, the chip selection, the circuit diagram and the design of PCB are realized. In the aspect of software, the program of point cloud data acquisition subsystem, horizontal motor driving subsystem, data forwarding and displaying subsystem is written in C language. At the same time, the system communication protocol design and server program design are completed. Database design and client software design, Linux system is used to realize database access and interface display of data forwarding terminal, and Matlab is used to complete the 3D coordinate transformation of point cloud data and the simulation and research of spatial scattered point interpolation algorithm. The test results show that the system realizes the functions of data acquisition, transmission, processing, storage, query and system control. In the laboratory environment, the accuracy and stability of the system can meet the production needs of cement enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP274

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