压力测试取样管路系统动态特性分析及畸变信号的修正

发布时间：2018-05-17 05:37

本文选题：压力测试 + 管道特性　；参考：《中北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国国防装备性能的大幅提升,对武器系统的测试也提出了新的要求。为了使装甲车、坦克等具备更出色的机动性,满足现代化战争的需要,对动力舱内的热平衡参数的获取显得尤为重要。由于动力舱内空间有限且温度较高,因此需要采用管道引压的方式对舱内压力进行测量,但是脉动压力信号经过管道后产生较大扰动,导致压力信号发生畸变,本文针对此问题进行了一系列理论分析及实验探究。从电传输线理论入手分析得出了流体在管道内传输的基本方程,确定了输入与输出端参数的关系式,并且采用闭端管路模型计算了在动力舱项目中使用管路系统的谐振频率。其次,设计了基于单频正弦脉动压力源的实验方案,探究长度、弹性模量、直径等参量对压力管道动态特性的影响。同时设计了基于SOPC的数据采集存储模块、压力传感单元的模块,成功构建了脉动压力测试系统,并通过实验讨论了复杂管路的线性特征。在此基础上设计了频域修正算法对畸变信号进行修正,编写Matlab修正程序,并且利用单频脉动压力及坦克实测风压数据,对修正算法效果进行验证。实验结果表明:长度是影响管道特性最主要的因素;动力舱项目中用的管道线性特征良好;编写的基于Matlab的频域修正程序能够完成对畸变信号的修正。此外,结合工程实践对合理利用管道特性及修正方法做出讨论。1)提出了在测量微小压力信号时利用管道的动态特性提高测量信噪比的思想,并且借助于带通滤波器的设计思路,分析了管道选取的基本规则。2)分析了在云爆测试中利用管道引压方式减小强光高温对传感器敏感元件影响的可能,并指出了选取管道应当注意的方面。3)提出了利用频域修正法提高带有容腔和管道的压力传感器的频响特性的设想。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of defense equipment performance in China, new requirements are put forward for weapon system test. In order to make the armored vehicle and tank have better mobility and meet the needs of modern war, it is very important to obtain the heat balance parameters in the power cabin. Because of the limited space and high temperature in the power cabin, it is necessary to measure the pressure in the cabin by the way of pipe-induced pressure, but the pulsating pressure signal is disturbed after passing through the pipeline, which leads to the distortion of the pressure signal. In this paper, a series of theoretical analysis and experimental research are carried out to solve this problem. Based on the theory of electric transmission line, the basic equation of fluid transmission in pipeline is obtained, the relation between input and output parameters is determined, and the resonant frequency of pipeline system used in power cabin project is calculated by using closed end pipeline model. Secondly, the experimental scheme based on single frequency sinusoidal pulsating pressure source is designed to explore the influence of the parameters such as length, modulus of elasticity and diameter on the dynamic characteristics of pressure pipeline. At the same time, the data acquisition and storage module based on SOPC and the module of pressure sensing unit are designed. The pulse pressure measurement system is successfully constructed, and the linear characteristics of complex pipeline are discussed through experiments. On this basis, the frequency domain correction algorithm is designed to correct the distortion signal, and the Matlab correction program is written, and the effect of the correction algorithm is verified by using the single frequency pulsating pressure and the measured wind pressure data of the tank. The experimental results show that the length is the most important factor affecting the pipeline characteristics, the linear characteristics of the pipeline used in the power cabin project are good, and the frequency domain correction program based on Matlab can correct the distortion signal. In addition, combining with engineering practice, the rational use of pipeline characteristics and modification methods are discussed. 1) the idea of using the dynamic characteristics of pipelines to improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) when measuring small pressure signals is put forward, and the design idea of band-pass filter is used. This paper analyzes the basic rule of pipeline selection. 2) the possibility of reducing the influence of high light and high temperature on the sensor sensitive elements by the way of pipeline pressure in cloud explosion test is analyzed. The paper also points out the aspects that should be paid attention to in selecting pipeline. (3) the idea of using frequency-domain correction method to improve the frequency response characteristics of pressure sensors with cavities and pipes is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TJ810.6;TP212;TP274

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