无线供电传感器网络链路优化及功率控制策略研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 17:26

本文选题：无线电能传输技术 + 无线传感器网络　；参考：《中国矿业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着科学技术的发展,无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Network,WSN)技术已经取得了较大进步,并且展现出了广阔的发展前景。但是无线传感网络中节点大多数采用纽扣电池供电,而电池能量是有限的,这样极大地限制了保证整个网络的工作可靠性。而且大量的使用和更换电池,既提高了成本也污染环境。因此如何合理、高效利用传感器节点的有限能量,就成为了无线传感网络技术研究的关键性问题。目前国内外学者针对该问题,大多数采用一些优化算法来均衡网络各个节点的能耗以提高网络的生命周期。随着近几年无线电能传输技术(Wireless Power Transfer,WPT)的快速发展,这为解决无线传感网络的节点无线供电及提高网络的生命周期提供了最佳解决方案。本文针对无线传感器网络中的节点的能量有限且利用率低下,研究一种能量可双向传输的综合无线供电传感器网络。建立无线供电网络模型,分析节点能量传输特性以及相关网络特征,提出基于权重偏好的蚁群算法对能量链路进行优化,寻找一条最优链路,最终实现网络生命周期最大化,并总结出无线供电网络三种基本传输模型。然后从无线传感器网络的物理层出发,给出电路的具体模型,分析节点的功率控制策略。论文首先对无线传感网络的研究现状,无线电能传输技术及传感器网络节点无线供电的国内外研究与发展现状做了详细的介绍。论文对无线传感器网络的工作原理,协议栈及其网络拓扑结构进行分析;介绍无线电能传输技术的基本工作原理,重点分析了其补偿结构。最终建立无线供电传感器网络模型,详细比较分析与传统的无线传感器网络的异同点。紧接着,论文对所建立的无线供电传感器网络模型进行研究,论文详细介绍了网络的节点属性及网络运行机制,并建立了无线供电网的链路优化数学模型。根据网络的特征,采用了节点传输效率,节点剩余能量,传输时延三个效能指标,作为链路优化的评判标准,采用基于权重偏好的的蚁群算法对无线电能传输链路进行优化,最终得出最优链路。然后,论文针对目前对传感器节点的功率控制研究算法一般应用于网络层或数据链路层的问题。论文通过物理层对无线供电传感器网络进行功率控制研究。分析了基于无线电能传输技术的能量双向传输的拓扑结构,并针对该拓扑结构进行功率控制,最终采用移相PWM控制策略实现节点的功率控制,并得到三种节点无线电能传输模式的功率控制公式。最后,论文通过matlab编程对基于权重偏好的蚁群算法进行仿真验证,验证了该算法对链路优化问题的可行性和有效性;通过搭建实验平台,验证了LCL的电路拓扑结构的双向传输的特性,及验证了无线供电网的三种传输模式功率控制。通过本文对无线电能传输技术在无线传感器网络节点的无线供电的研究,这为无线传感器网络的节点能量有限问题提供了新的解决方案,从而有效地推动无线传感器网络技术的发展及无线电能传输应用化技术发展,为后续相关研究提供了理论基础及借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology, the Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology has made great progress and has shown great prospects. However, most of the nodes in wireless sensor networks are powered by button batteries, and the battery energy is limited, which greatly restricts the work of ensuring the whole network. Reliability. And a large number of use and replacement of batteries not only improve the cost but also pollute the environment. Therefore, how to rationally and efficiently utilize the limited energy of sensor nodes is the key problem in the research of wireless sensor networks. At present, some domestic and foreign scholars have adopted some optimization algorithms to balance the various nodes of the network. Energy consumption in order to improve the life cycle of the network. With the rapid development of Wireless Power Transfer (WPT) in recent years, this provides the best solution to solve wireless sensor network node wireless power supply and improve the life cycle of the network. This article is limited to the energy of nodes in the wireless sensor network. An integrated wireless power supply sensor network with bidirectional transmission of energy is studied. A wireless power supply network model is established to analyze the energy transmission characteristics of nodes and the characteristics of related networks. An ant colony algorithm based on weight preference is proposed to optimize the energy link, find an optimal link, and finally achieve the most network life cycle. Three basic transmission models of wireless power supply network are summed up. Then from the physical layer of wireless sensor network, the specific model of the circuit is given and the power control strategy of the node is analyzed. The research status of wireless sensor network, radio transmission technology and wireless power supply of sensor network nodes are first studied. The work principle, the protocol stack and the network topology of the wireless sensor network are analyzed, the basic principle of the radio energy transmission technology is introduced, and the compensation structure is analyzed. Finally, the wireless power supply sensor network model is established, and the detailed comparison analysis and the traditional wireless network are compared. Then, the paper studies the model of wireless power supply sensor network. This paper introduces the node attribute and network operation mechanism of the network, and establishes a mathematical model for the link optimization of the wireless power supply network. Three effectiveness indexes of time delay are used as the criterion of link optimization. The optimal link is obtained by using ant colony algorithm based on weight preference, and the optimal link is obtained. Then, the research algorithm of power control for sensor nodes should be used in network layer or data link layer. The power control of wireless power supply sensor network is studied over the physical layer. The topology structure of the two-way transmission of energy based on radio energy transmission is analyzed. The power control is carried out for the topology structure. Phase shift PWM control strategy is adopted to control the power of the node, and the power of three node radio transmission modes is obtained. In the end, the paper simulates the ant colony algorithm based on weight preference through MATLAB programming, and verifies the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm for link optimization problems. By building an experimental platform, it verifies the specificity of the bidirectional transmission of the circuit topology of LCL, and verifies the three transmission modes of the wireless power supply network. Power control. Through the study of radio energy transmission technology in wireless sensor network nodes, this provides a new solution for the limited energy of wireless sensor networks, thus effectively promoting the development of wireless sensor network technology and the development of radio energy transmission application technology, for the follow-up. The related research provides the theoretical basis and reference significance.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM724;TP212.9;TN929.5

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