网络式车内环境数据实时监测系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-05-26 09:01

本文选题：车内环境污染 + 实时监测　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,汽车行业发展迅速,汽车保有量与汽车驾驶人数持续增长,与此同时也存在着一个严重的问题:车内环境污染。由于车内空间小、封闭性好,即使是少量有害物质也很容易积累成高浓度,加之人在车内停留的时间普遍较长,据美国Ann Arbor环境集团研究表明:车内有害物质浓度是装修家居和办公室中的5-10倍,比室内环境污染更具有危害性。车内环境污染按来源主要分为两大类:一方面是车内自身零部件和装饰材料的释放,主要是甲醛;另一方面是车外空气的渗入,主要是漂浮粉尘。虽然目前国内市场上针对这两种污染物的监测设备种类繁多,但大多数为化学式或手持式设备,存在着无法网络监测、数据无法存储、设备价格昂贵等问题。因此,随着移动互联网的发展,综合运用4G无线通信技术,传感器技术,图像采集技术,Web开发,数据库等前沿技术是未来车内环境数据监测的研究趋势。课题以此为出发点,设计了网络式车内环境数据实时监测系统,并通过硬件PCB的制作和功能实现来论证设计方案的可行性。考虑到车内环境的移动性,系统采用4G无线通信方式,并以此为基础结合Web互联网技术完成了包括软硬件在内的系统总体方案设计,系统主要包括主控模块,4G无线通信模块,传感器模块,图像采集模块,云服务器监测中心五个部分。研究并对比了关于甲醛,粉尘的多种检出方法与适用场景,确定了适合本系统的各模块芯片型号,并对系统硬件各模块进行深入分析,使用Altium Designer完成系统硬件总体原理图设计,PCB设计。在Keil环境下,使用C语言完成各模块软件编程,实现数据采集并驱动4G无线模块建立与云服务器的TCP连接实现数据传输。系统设定阈值报警功能,完成了中文短信的PDU编码,当监测到污染物浓度过高时,可向包括车主及车主家人在内的多组预设号码以SMS短消息方式报警,同时触发摄像头拍照,实现车内可视化,辅助不在车内的车主家人了解车内情况,远程判断高污染物浓度下车内是否有人,状态如何,防止高污染物浓度下司机因疲劳独自在车内休息,以及辅助判断车内人员是否吸烟等等。云服务器监测中心软件平台的设计,包括TCP控制程序设计、Web服务器端软件设计(JSP+Servlet+Java Bean)、数据库设计、微信公众平台的开发。使用Tomcat Web服务器和My SQL数据库。在Eclipse环境下,通过Java Socket编程实现甲醛、粉尘、温湿度、图片信息的接收和数据库存储,同时对硬件设备进行数据回传。使用JSP+Servlet+Java Bean完成Java Web工程的开发,满足用户通过动态Web页面对实时数据、历史数据、历史图片信息的查询。通过云服务器后台Servlet编程实现微信公众平台的URL有效性验证,数据解析与返回,习惯使用微信客户端的用户可通过微信公众号以命令问答的形式获取实时数据。完成系统硬件PCB和软件的总体调试,并测试系统功能。测试结果表明,系统各模块工作正常,实现了预期各项功能,论证了系统所提出设计方案:数据采集,基于4G的数据传输,云服务器数据接收、回传和数据库存储,基于Web与微信公众平台的数据查询以上通信过程的可行性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the automobile industry has developed rapidly, and the number of car ownership and the number of motorists continued to increase. At the same time, there is a serious problem: the internal environment pollution in the car. Because of the small space in the car and the good closeness, even a small amount of harmful substances can easily accumulate into high concentration, and the time of staying in the car is generally long, according to An N Arbor environment group research shows that the concentration of harmful substances in the car is 5-10 times as much as in the decoration home and office, which is more dangerous than the indoor environmental pollution. The internal environment pollution in the car is divided into two main categories: one is the release of the auto parts and decorative materials in the car, the main form of formaldehyde is formaldehyde, and the other is the infiltration of the air outside the car, It is mainly floating dust. Although there are a wide variety of monitoring equipment for these two kinds of pollutants in the domestic market, most of them are chemical or hand-held equipment. There are problems that can not be monitored by network, data can not be stored, and equipment is expensive. Therefore, with the development of mobile Internet, 4G wireless communication technology is used in a comprehensive way. Technology, image acquisition technology, Web development, database and other advanced technologies are the research trend of the future vehicle environmental data monitoring. As a starting point, a real-time monitoring system for network internal environment data is designed. The feasibility of the design scheme is demonstrated by the production and function realization of hardware PCB. The mobility of the interior environment is considered. The system uses the 4G wireless communication mode, and based on the Web Internet technology to complete the overall scheme design of the system including the hardware and software, including the main control module, the 4G wireless communication module, the sensor module, the image acquisition module and the cloud server monitoring center five parts. A variety of detection methods and applicable scenes are used to determine the model of each module suitable for this system, and the hardware modules of the system are analyzed in depth. Altium Designer is used to complete the overall schematic design of the system hardware and PCB design. In the environment of Keil, the software programming of each module is completed by C language, and the data acquisition is realized and the 4G wireless module is driven. The system sets up the TCP connection with the cloud server to realize the data transmission. The system sets the threshold alarm function and completes the PDU encoding of the Chinese text message. When the concentration of the pollutants is too high, it can alarm the number of preset numbers including the owner and the owner's family by SMS short message, take the photo with the Shi Chufa camera, realize the visualization in the vehicle, assist in the visualization. It is not in the car owner's family to know the situation in the car, to judge whether the high pollutant concentration is in the car, and how to prevent the driver to rest in the car alone in the high pollutant concentration, as well as to judge whether the car is smoking or not. The design of the core software platform in the cloud server monitoring, including the TCP control program design, W EB server end software design (JSP+Servlet+Java Bean), database design, the development of WeChat public platform. Using Tomcat Web server and My SQL database. In Eclipse environment, through Java Socket programming to achieve formaldehyde, dust, temperature and humidity, picture information receiving and database storage, and data back to the hardware equipment at the same time. Use JS. P+Servlet+Java Bean completes the development of Java Web project, and meets the user's query of real-time data, historical data, historical picture information through dynamic Web pages. Through the cloud server background Servlet programming, the URL validity verification of the WeChat public platform, data parsing and return, users who use WeChat client can pass WeChat public. The system hardware PCB and software are debugged in the form of command QA. The overall debugging of the system hardware and software is completed and the system functions are tested. The test results show that the system modules work normally, the expected functions are realized, and the design schemes of the system are demonstrated: data acquisition, data transmission based on 4G, data receiving and return of cloud server. And database storage, based on data from Web and WeChat public platform to query the feasibility of the above communication process.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP311.52;TP274

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