水下无线传感器网络节点部署算法的研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 22:26

本文选题：水下无线传感器网络 + 节点部署　；参考：《兰州理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着世界各国探索海洋热潮的不断兴起,无线传感器网络技术的应用不再拘泥于对陆地上信息的感知与获取,而逐渐向更为浩瀚的海洋进发。作为传统无线传感器网络在水下的延伸,水下无线传感器网络在海底矿产资源的勘探与开发、水污染防治、海啸与地震预警、导航定位以及军事战略部署等方面都拥有着广阔的应用前景,已经引起了业界研究人员的高度重视。水下无线传感器网络的迅猛发展在带来诸多机遇的同时,也面临着一些亟待解决的技术难题。一方面,水下信道因其传输速率低、延时高等复杂多变的特性,决定了现有的陆地通信协议与网络模型不能直接应用于三维水环境中;另一方面,作为水下无线传感器网络研究的基础问题,节点部署机制的优劣直接决定着整个网络对兴趣数据的感知、获取与处理能力。因此,本文围绕水下无线传感器网络的节点部署问题,讨论并分析了不同的部署算法下对网络覆盖性能的影响。研究的主要内容如下:针对水环境中节点的分层覆盖问题,提出了一种基于深度调节机制的水下无线传感器网络节点部署算法。该算法首先通过计算各水下传感器节点所对应的沃罗诺伊多边形面积完成调度节点的选取,其次根据调度节点的下沉距离进行深度调节,并最终实现一个层次化的三维节点部署目标。仿真实验结果证明,本文提出的部署方案在网络覆盖率及节点间的连通率方面均表现出良好的性能。为了更一步研究水下无线传感器网络中的节点冗余覆盖问题,针对随机部署的水下传感器节点,设计一种基于定向移动虚拟距离的节点部署策略。该策略将节点的移动过程分解为若干个步骤,各节点在每个步骤中都依据平衡距离与邻居节点的坐标关系进行位移调整,使网络中的节点从覆盖密集区域移动至稀疏区域,从而完成对目标监测水域最大范围的覆盖。仿真结果表明,该节点部署策略与随机部署机制相比,在降低冗余覆盖、减少网络开销方面有明显的改善。
[Abstract]:With the rising of the ocean exploration boom in the world, the application of wireless sensor network technology is no longer confined to the perception and acquisition of information on land, but gradually to the ocean. As an extension of traditional wireless sensor networks under water, underwater wireless sensor networks in the exploration and development of submarine mineral resources, water pollution prevention, tsunami and earthquake warning, Navigation and positioning as well as military strategic deployment have a broad application prospects, has attracted great attention of researchers in the industry. The rapid development of underwater wireless sensor networks brings many opportunities, but also faces some technical problems to be solved. On the one hand, because of its complex and changeable characteristics such as low transmission rate and high delay, the existing terrestrial communication protocols and network models can not be directly applied to three-dimensional water environment. As the basic problem of underwater wireless sensor networks, the mechanism of node deployment directly determines the ability of the whole network to perceive, acquire and process interesting data. Therefore, the effect of different deployment algorithms on network coverage performance is discussed and analyzed around the problem of node deployment in underwater wireless sensor networks. The main contents of this paper are as follows: aiming at the problem of hierarchical coverage of nodes in water environment, a node deployment algorithm for underwater wireless sensor networks based on depth adjustment mechanism is proposed. Firstly, the algorithm selects the dispatching nodes by calculating the corresponding polygon area of the underwater sensor nodes, and then adjusts the depth of the nodes according to the sinking distance of the nodes. Finally, a hierarchical three-dimensional node deployment target is realized. Simulation results show that the proposed deployment scheme has good performance in network coverage and connectivity between nodes. In order to further study the problem of node redundant coverage in underwater wireless sensor networks, a node deployment strategy based on directional moving virtual distance is designed for randomly deployed underwater sensor nodes. In this strategy, the node moving process is decomposed into several steps. In each step, each node adjusts its displacement according to the balance distance and the coordinate relation of the neighbor node, so that the nodes in the network move from the overlay area to the sparse area. Thus, the maximum coverage of the target monitoring area is achieved. The simulation results show that compared with the random deployment mechanism, the node deployment strategy has obvious improvement in reducing redundant coverage and network overhead.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.3

【参考文献】