基于FPGA的自抗扰控制在并网逆变器的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-06-03 17:06

本文选题：光伏发电 + 最大功率跟踪　；参考：《华北电力大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：光能作为一种可再生的清洁能源,光伏技术越来越受到大家的重视。由于在自然条件下,太阳光照强度和温度的不确定性使得光伏发电输出功率具有很大的波动性和不确定性,电能质量得不到保证。我国光照资源丰富的地方自然环境也较为恶劣,这在一定程度上使得对光伏发电系统进行控制具有一定的挑战性。本文介绍了光伏发电系统的组成,并对并网逆变器的控制算法进行了新的研究。研究主要内容包括:首先,研究了光伏发电的原理及整个过程,并对光伏电池进行了数学模型的建立,定量的分析了光伏发电的电压电流与光照强度和温度的关系,并应用Matlab/Simulink进行了仿真模型的搭建。为了能最大限度的利用光能,使光伏工作在最佳的状态,进行了最大功率跟踪的研究,并对最大功率跟踪的算法进行了仿真。为了达到并网电压的要求,本文介绍了推挽式直流变换器,既达到了升压的目的,又达到了电气隔离的效果。其次,孤岛效应已成为目前实现并网需要考虑的一个重要问题。本文介绍了孤岛效应的危害、产生原因和检测标准,并提出了一种检测效果更好的方法,对其检测的盲区与参数设计优化进行了介绍。最后,对自抗扰算法进行了研究,取代原始算法,用自抗扰算法对并网逆变器进行了控制,是对传统逆变器控制的一种新的尝试。自抗扰控制器对扰动有很强的抑制作用,FPGA由于采用硬件电路编程的原理,抗干扰能力要比嵌入式控制器要强,运算速度也比传统的单片机要快。最终通过使用现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array,FPGA)来实现自抗扰控制算法并在实验平台上进行验证。
[Abstract]:As a kind of renewable clean energy, photovoltaic technology has been paid more and more attention. Due to the uncertainty of solar light intensity and temperature under natural conditions, the output power of photovoltaic power generation has great volatility and uncertainty, and the power quality can not be guaranteed. The local natural environment with abundant illumination resources is also relatively bad, which to some extent makes it challenging to control photovoltaic power generation system. In this paper, the composition of photovoltaic system is introduced, and the control algorithm of grid-connected inverter is studied. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the principle and the whole process of photovoltaic power generation are studied, and the mathematical model of photovoltaic cell is established, and the relationship between voltage and current of photovoltaic power generation and light intensity and temperature is analyzed quantitatively. The simulation model is built with Matlab/Simulink. In order to make the best use of light energy and make photovoltaic work in the best condition, the maximum power tracking is studied and the algorithm of maximum power tracking is simulated. In order to meet the requirements of grid-connected voltage, this paper introduces a push-pull DC / DC converter, which not only achieves the purpose of boosting voltage, but also achieves the effect of electrical isolation. Secondly, islanding effect has become an important problem to be considered in the realization of grid connection. This paper introduces the harm, cause and standard of islanding effect, and puts forward a better detection method, and introduces the blind area and parameter design optimization. Finally, the active disturbance rejection algorithm is studied, instead of the original algorithm, and the grid-connected inverter is controlled by the self-disturbance rejection algorithm, which is a new attempt to control the traditional inverter. Because of the principle of hardware circuit programming, the anti-interference ability of the ADRC is stronger than that of the embedded controller, and the operation speed is faster than that of the traditional single-chip microcomputer. Finally, the active disturbance rejection control algorithm is implemented by using Field Programmable Gate FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) and verified on the experimental platform.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP273;TM464

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