压电加筋板结构时滞振动主动控制研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 18:50

本文选题：加筋板 + 振动主动控制　；参考：《安徽理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：加筋板结构既能提高结构的可靠性、耐用性和经济性,又能减轻结构重量,由其组成的复杂结构已被广泛应用于航空航天、机械、船舶、汽车和建筑等众多领域。因此设计有效控制方法对加筋板的振动进行控制,是研究的热点问题。加筋板上筋条的不对称等因素会引起系统非线性增强,控制过程中要考虑非线性因素。另外,在控制过程中,控制动作往往存在着不同程度的时间滞后,导致控制效果不佳,为了改善时滞系统的控制效果,需要对其控制进行时滞补偿。本文以压电智能加筋板结构为研究对象,利用压电陶瓷做传感器和驱动器,对加筋板进行振动模态识别、振动主动控制及时滞补偿的理论和实验研究。主要内容如下：第二章阐述了压电元件工作原理和压电方程基本理论,并根据上述基本理论建立了加筋板机电耦合力学方程和状态空间方程。使用ANSYS软件对加筋板三维模型进行了模态分析,得到了其前二阶模态频率。运用北京波普实验振动平台,通过扫频激励法对加筋板进行实验模态分析。通过理论与实验的方法对加筋板进行模态参数识别,为下文MCS控制仿真和实验做准备。第三章简述了最小控制合成算法(MCS算法)的基本原理,并推导了算法的各个参数数学表达式。根据第二章中模态识别参数,运用Matlab-Simulink软件编写了相应的MCS算法程序,进行振动控制仿真研究。第四章首先对时滞进行了简单的介绍,并分析了时滞的产生原因和对系统的影响,然后简述smith预估器时滞补偿的基本原理,并根据其时滞补偿的原理构建时滞补偿因子添加到标准的MCS算法中,形成新的具有时滞补偿功能MCS算法,并对算法进行稳定性证明。最后,通过Matlab-Simulink软件对新的算法进行仿真,结果表明添加时滞补偿的MCS算法对时滞振动具有较好振动控制效果。第五章通过Smith预估器的弱鲁棒性和时滞补偿算法的缺陷的分析,提出用自适应Smith预估器添加到MCS算法中,结合李雅普诺夫第二法设计自适应因子,构建时滞补偿的MCS算法。利用Lissajou图形法测量了控制系统的时滞,编写MCS算法的LabVIEW程序,通过CRIO实时控制平台进行加筋板振动主动控制实验,实验结果表明自适应时滞补偿MCS算法有效地减轻时滞测量误差对控制的影响。
[Abstract]:Stiffened plate structure can not only improve the reliability, durability and economy of the structure, but also reduce the weight of the structure. The complex structure made up of it has been widely used in many fields such as aerospace, machinery, ship, automobile and architecture. Therefore, the design of effective control method to control the vibration of stiffened plates is a hot issue. The nonlinearity of the system will be enhanced by the asymmetry of the stiffened plate, and the nonlinear factors should be taken into account in the control process. In addition, in the control process, the control action often has different degrees of time delay, which leads to poor control effect. In order to improve the control effect of time-delay system, it is necessary to compensate the control time delay. In this paper, the piezoelectric intelligent stiffened plate structure is taken as the research object. The vibration modal identification, active vibration control and time-delay compensation of the stiffened plate are studied theoretically and experimentally by using piezoelectric ceramics as sensors and actuators. The main contents are as follows: in the second chapter, the working principle of piezoelectric elements and the basic theory of piezoelectric equations are described, and the mechanical equations and state space equations of electromechanical coupling of stiffened plates are established. The modal analysis of the 3D model of stiffened plate is carried out with ANSYS software, and the first second order modal frequency is obtained. In this paper, the experimental modal analysis of stiffened plate is carried out by using the vibration platform of Beijing pop experiment and the method of sweeping frequency excitation. The modal parameters of stiffened plate are identified by theoretical and experimental methods to prepare for the simulation and experiment of MCS control below. In chapter 3, the basic principle of minimum control synthesis algorithm (MCS) is introduced, and the mathematical expressions of each parameter of the algorithm are derived. According to the modal identification parameters in the second chapter, the corresponding MCS algorithm program is compiled by using Matlab-Simulink software, and the vibration control simulation is carried out. In chapter 4, we introduce the time delay, analyze the cause of the delay and its influence on the system, and then introduce the basic principle of the delay compensation of the smith predictor. According to the principle of time-delay compensation, the time-delay compensation factor is added to the standard MCS algorithm to form a new MCS algorithm with time-delay compensation function, and the stability of the algorithm is proved. Finally, the new algorithm is simulated by Matlab-Simulink software. The results show that the MCS algorithm with time-delay compensation has better control effect on time-delay vibration. In chapter 5, by analyzing the weak robustness of Smith predictor and the defect of time-delay compensation algorithm, an adaptive Smith predictor is proposed to add to the MCS algorithm and to design the adaptive factor combined with Lyapunov's second method to construct the time-delay compensation MCS algorithm. The time-delay of the control system is measured by Lissajou graphic method. The LabVIEW program of MCS algorithm is written, and the active control experiment of stiffened plate vibration is carried out through the CRIO real-time control platform. Experimental results show that the adaptive time-delay compensation MCS algorithm can effectively reduce the effect of time-delay measurement error on the control.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP273

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