AOD法冶炼低碳铬铁质量控制方法的研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 16:34

本文选题：AOD法 + 质量控制　；参考：《长春工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在AOD法(Argon Oxygen Decarburization)冶炼低碳铬铁的过程中,产品中的碳含量、磷含量及硫含量是衡量产品质量的重要因素。然而冶炼过程是一个非常复杂的多元多相高温状态下进行的非线性的物理化学反应过程,存在很多不确定的影响因素,给冶炼产品的质量控制增加了很大困难。目前铁合金行业整体生产过程的智能化程度还不高,传统的冶炼工艺尚需进一步完善与优化。为此,采用智能分析、预测与控制方法,对实现低碳铬铁冶炼产品质量的提高,增强企业综合竞争力具有重要意义。本文提出的AOD法冶炼低碳铬铁质量控制是在转炉生产中碳铬铁的基础上,为进一步提高产品质量而开展的深入理论与应用研究。论文结合AOD炉冶炼低碳铬铁的生产工艺和生产实践,基于热力学和动力学理论的物理和化学特征,结合智能算法,建立了低碳铬铁碳含量、硫含量和磷含量等指标的质量控制模型,并进一步构建了生产过程集成控制与管理平台。首先分析了AOD炉冶炼过程中炉渣碱度对质量指标的重要影响,提出了低碳铬铁质量预测模型的分步建模法;然后采用RBF神经网络模型对炉渣碱度进行预测,并结合铁水预处理,进行了磷、硫含量的灰色关联度分析;最后,在此基础上建立了基于神经网络的质量智能预测模型,并采用改进粒子群算法对模型进行优化,使得磷含量的控制效果在控制误差±0.003%内由80%提升到95%,硫含量的控制效果在控制误差±0.003%内有80%提升到90%,此外碳含量的控制效果也得到了很大的提升。在上述研究的基础上,开发了AOD法冶炼低碳铬铁生产过程DCS控制系统。该系统由现场过程控制级、集中操作监控级和综合生产管理级等部分组成。现场过程控制部分采用西门子S7-400PLC与AOD炉炉体、顶枪供气控制系统、底枪供气控制系统、加料控制系统、阀站及现场仪表等组成,实现各系统单元按生产工艺要求和冶炼过程实时监测与调节,并通过现场总线,构建了基于力控6.1组态软件开发的AOD炉冶炼过程实时监测与质量控制平台。
[Abstract]:In the process of smelting low carbon ferrochromium by AOD (Argon Oxygen Decarburization), the carbon content, phosphorus content and sulfur content in the product are important factors to measure the quality of the products. However, the smelting process is a very complicated nonlinear physical and chemical reaction process under a multiphase and multiphase high temperature state. There are many uncertain factors. It is difficult to control the quality control of the smelting products. At present, the intelligent degree of the whole production process of the iron alloy industry is not high. The traditional smelting process needs to be further improved and optimized. Therefore, the intelligent analysis, prediction and control methods are adopted to improve the quality of low carbon FERROCHROMIUM SMELTING products and enhance the comprehensive competitiveness of the enterprises. It is of great significance. The quality control of low carbon ferrochrome smelting by AOD method is based on the carbon ferrochromium in the converter production. It is a deep theory and application study to further improve the quality of the product. The paper combines the production process and practice of smelting low carbon ferrochromium with the AOD furnace, and the physics and chemistry based on the theory of thermodynamics and dynamics. The quality control model of carbon content of low carbon ferrochromium, sulfur content and phosphorus content, and the integrated control and management platform of production process are further constructed. First, the important influence of slag basicity on the quality index in the smelting process of AOD furnace is analyzed, and the classification of low carbon ferrochromium quality prediction model is put forward. The RBF neural network model is used to predict the basicity of the slag, and the grey correlation analysis of the content of phosphorus and sulfur is analyzed with the pretreatment of molten iron. Finally, a quality intelligent prediction model based on neural network is established on the basis of the neural network, and the improved particle swarm optimization is used to control the phosphorus content. The effect is increased from 80% to 95% in the control error of 0.003%, and the control effect of sulfur content is raised to 90% within the control error of 80%. In addition, the control effect of carbon content has been greatly improved. On the basis of the above study, the AOD process for smelting low carbon ferrochromium production process DCS control system is developed. The system is controlled by field process. The field process control part is composed of SIEMENS S7-400PLC and AOD furnace body, top gun gas supply control system, bottom gun supply control system, feed control system, valve station and field instrument, so as to realize the real-time monitoring of various system units according to production process requirements and smelting process. A real-time monitoring and quality control platform for AOD furnace smelting process based on force control 6.1 configuration software is built with adjustment and fieldbus.
【学位授予单位】：长春工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TF641;TP18

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