基于物联网的铁路货车行车状态在线监测系统

发布时间：2018-06-24 01:54

本文选题：物联网 + 铁路货车　；参考：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：安全是铁路运输永恒的主题。随着我国铁路随着“高速、重载”的方向发展,对运行中的铁路货车进行实时监控、及时掌握车辆的运行安全状况十分必要。由于铁路货车需要频繁地解列编组,车辆间无通讯电缆,因此对无线监测提出了较高的要求;此外,由于铁路货车无车载供电装置,且难以通过电力线缆连接至机车进行集中供电,需解决供电问题。常规的地面监测模式需要在轨边进行大规模的联网建设,不仅设备成本高、维护不方便,而且难以实时在线监测车辆的运行状态。近年来,新兴的物联网技术凭借其诸多优势,在智能家居、智能电网、智能农业、智能交通等领域得到了广泛应用。将物联网技术应用到铁路货车,必将有力促进铁路运输安全事业的发展。本文结合铁路货车的实际应用需求,设计了一套基于物联网的铁路货车行车状态在线监测系统。论文主要从ZigBee无线传感网络、机车监控平台和地面监控中心上位机三部分展开研究与设计。ZigBee无线传感网络以TI的CC2530射频芯片为核心,包括车厢节点和机车节点两种网络设备。其中,车厢节点作为网络路由器负责轴温、烟雾和温湿度传感器数据的采集和传输,并扩大ZigBee无线网络的通信范围;机车节点作为网络协调器负责ZigBee网络的建立、控制车厢节点的加入、接收各车厢节点发送的数据以及向或从机车监控平台上传或接收数据。为了满足铁路货车频繁解列编组环境对列车组网的需求,本文设计了 ZigBee MAC地址白名单验证算法,以实现车厢节点入网的验证识别。机车监控平台是整个监测系统运行的核心,主要负责收集ZigBee网络上传的各车厢监视项的所有信息,然后以人机界面的方式实时显示列车运行中可能出现的各种故障信息,使得司乘人员能够实时掌握整列车的运行状况。本文采用ARM+Linux技术构建了机车监控平台嵌入式软硬件开发环境;采用Qt/Embedded图形框架开发了一款嵌入式平台运行的机车监控软件,该软件可实现列车编组管理、串口数据接收处理、状态参数实时显示、GPRS数据发送、数据存储与查询、列车网络状态控制等功能。地面监控中心上位机基于Qt的TCP网络通信,实现了 GPRS数据实时接收、处理、显示和存储等功能,便于地面专家对历史数据进行查询和故障诊断。最后,本文对整个监测系统进行了联调测试。测试结果表明,在实验室环境下,该系统达到了较好的实时在线监测效果,在铁路货车行车安全监测领域具有广泛的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Safety is the eternal theme of railway transportation. With the development of high speed and heavy load railway in our country, it is necessary to monitor the running railway freight cars in real time and grasp the running safety condition of the rolling stock in time. Since railway trucks need to be unmarshalled frequently and there is no communication cable between them, a higher requirement is put forward for wireless monitoring. In addition, since there is no on-board power supply device for railway trucks, And it is difficult to connect to locomotive through power cable for centralized power supply, so the problem of power supply should be solved. The conventional ground monitoring mode requires a large-scale network construction on the side of the rail. It is difficult to monitor the running state of the vehicle in real time and online because of the high cost of the equipment and the inconvenient maintenance. In recent years, the emerging Internet of things technology, with its many advantages, has been widely used in smart home, smart grid, intelligent agriculture, intelligent transportation and other fields. The application of Internet of things technology to railway freight cars will promote the development of railway transportation safety. According to the practical application requirement of railway freight cars, a set of on-line monitoring system of railway freight car running status based on Internet of things is designed in this paper. The research and design of ZigBee wireless sensor network, locomotive monitoring platform and ground monitoring center are mainly carried out in this paper. The core of ZigBee wireless sensor network is CC2530 RF chip of TI, which includes two kinds of network equipment: car node and locomotive node. The bus node acts as the network router to collect and transmit the data of the axle temperature, smoke and temperature and humidity sensor, and expands the communication range of the ZigBee wireless network, and the locomotive node is responsible for the establishment of the ZigBee network as the network coordinator. Control the addition of car nodes, receive the data sent by each compartment node and upload or receive data to or from the locomotive monitoring platform. In order to meet the needs of train network in railway freight car frequent unmarshalling environment, a verification algorithm of ZigBee MAC address whitelist is designed in this paper to realize the verification and identification of train nodes entering the network. The locomotive monitoring platform is the core of the whole monitoring system. It is mainly responsible for collecting all the information of the monitoring items uploaded by ZigBee network, and then displaying all kinds of fault information that may appear in the train operation in the way of man-machine interface in real time. So that the crew can grasp the operation of the whole train in real time. In this paper, the embedded software and hardware development environment of locomotive monitoring platform is constructed with arm Linux technology, and a locomotive monitoring software is developed by using QT / embedded graphic framework, which can realize train marshalling management, serial port data receiving and processing. State parameters real-time display GPRS data transmission, data storage and query, train network state control and other functions. The TCP network communication based on QT in the upper computer of the ground monitoring center realizes the functions of receiving, processing, displaying and storing the GPRS data in real time, which is convenient for the ground experts to query and diagnose the historical data. Finally, the whole monitoring system is tested. The test results show that the system achieves a good real-time on-line monitoring effect in the laboratory environment and has a wide application prospect in the field of railway freight car safety monitoring.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U279.34;TN92;TP274

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