超高速永磁同步电机控制算法研究

发布时间：2018-07-15 12:58

【摘要】：超高速永磁同步电机在现代工业中应用越来越广泛,而其驱动控制的关键技术被发达国家垄断,研究超高速永磁同步电机控制策略,开发我国自主的超高速永磁同步电机控制系统,是缩小中外差距,提高我国现代工业水平的必经之路。本文以超高速永磁同步电机为研究对象,完成了控制算法的设计、验证与实现,具体如下:首先,简述了本文研究对象的系统组成,给出了超高速永磁同步电机的参数,阐述了超高速永磁同步电机的数学模型,在MATLAB中搭建了电机仿真模型并进行了相关仿真实验,为控制算法研究奠定基础。其次,针对超高速永磁同步电机位置传感器安装困难、要求高的特点,设计了基于扩展卡尔曼滤波器(EKF)的无传感器转速估计算法;进行了基于直接转矩控制(DTC)的转速估计算法仿真实验,仿真结果验证了所设计的转速估计算法的正确性。接着,针对DTC转矩、磁链脉动大的局限性,引入SVPWM对DTC进行改进;针对超高速电机强耦合、高阶、非线性的特点,设计了模糊PID速度控制器,并与经典PID速度控制器进行了仿真对比实验,仿真结果表明,模糊PID控制器具有更好的控制性能。然后,针对超高速永磁同步电机系统参数不确定性强、负载扰动大的特点,设计了自适应鲁棒速度控制器,并证明了系统的稳定性和转速跟踪误差收敛性;搭建了系统仿真模型,进行了仿真实验,仿真结果表明,较之模糊PID速度控制器,基于自适应鲁棒速度控制器的超高速永磁同步电机系统具有更好的鲁棒性。最后,介绍了系统实验平台主要构成,完成了系统控制策略相关软件设计与开发,包括转矩和磁链环控制模块、转速环控制模块、转速估计模块等。为实时监测系统运行状态,设计了上位机监控软件。进行了系统实验,实现了转速的有效控制,验证了电机控制策略的有效性。
[Abstract]:The ultra-high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor is more and more widely used in modern industry, but the key technology of its drive control is monopolized by developed countries, so the control strategy of ultra-high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor is studied. It is necessary to develop our own ultra-high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor control system to narrow the gap between China and foreign countries and to improve the level of our modern industry. In this paper, the design, verification and implementation of the control algorithm for the ultra-high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor are completed. The details are as follows: firstly, the system composition of the research object is briefly described, and the parameters of the ultra-high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor are given. The mathematical model of ultra-high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is described. The simulation model of PMSM is set up in MATLAB and the related simulation experiments are carried out, which lays a foundation for the research of control algorithm. Secondly, a sensorless speed estimation algorithm based on extended Kalman filter (EKF) is designed to solve the problem of difficult installation and high requirement of position sensor in ultra-high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The speed estimation algorithm based on direct torque control (DTC) is simulated and the simulation results verify the correctness of the proposed algorithm. Then, aiming at the limitation of DTC torque and flux pulsation, SVPWM is introduced to improve DTC, and a fuzzy pid speed controller is designed for the characteristics of strong coupling, high order and nonlinearity of super high speed motor. The simulation results show that the fuzzy pid controller has better control performance than the classical pid speed controller. Then, an adaptive robust speed controller is designed for the ultra-high speed permanent magnet synchronous motor system with strong parameter uncertainty and heavy load disturbance, and the stability of the system and the convergence of the speed tracking error are proved. The system simulation model is built and the simulation experiment is carried out. The simulation results show that the super-high speed PMSM system based on adaptive robust speed controller is more robust than the fuzzy pid speed controller. Finally, the main components of the system experimental platform are introduced, and the software design and development of the system control strategy are completed, including torque and magnetic chain control module, speed estimation module and so on. In order to monitor the running state of the system in real time, the monitoring software of upper computer is designed. The system experiment is carried out and the effective speed control is realized, and the validity of the motor control strategy is verified.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP273;TM341

【参考文献】