智能雾培试验台控制系统的研究及开发

发布时间：2018-07-25 07:48

【摘要】：雾培是从无土栽培技术发展中脱颖而出的。首先,在雾培系统中,研究人员尝试了不同种类的雾化器,虽然注意到不同的雾化器造成了液滴粒径大小的差异,但雾滴粒径大小如何影响雾培作物的生长和有什么影响,尚不清楚。其次,在雾培控制系统上,如何检测雾培环境下的多因素及如何调控等也是个问题。最后,如何控制不同大小雾滴的雾化量和如何控制喷雾时机也值得探讨。针对雾滴粒径大小如何影响雾培作物生长这一问题,本文设计了可以生成多种粒径雾滴的试验台,主要是由超声雾化片组和压力式喷头来生成不同的雾滴粒径,并做了相应的雾培试验。对雾培的作物而言,光照强度、温度、湿度、时间等因素将直接影响作物生长状况,为了检测和控制雾培环境参数,本文设计了一套基于STC15系列单片机雾培试验台智能控制系统。此雾培控制系统通过控制器A检测栽培室环境参数(温度、光照强度、温度),经过无线模块与控制器B进行数据传输。之后,根据采集的信息,控制器A和控制器B进行相应的调控,使之成为数据采集、控制、数据传输等功能完善的智能控制系统。考虑到雾培作物根域环境的时间、温度、湿度、光强等多因素,同时多因素之间的相互影响,为了能够得出有效的控制方法。针对雾培作物所处环境的光照是动态变化的,结合外部天气及时间因素,提出一种划分不同光照强度等级与时间段进行拟合控制超声雾化片及压力式喷头的方法,这样能控制超声雾化片和压力式喷头的雾化强度及雾化时间。针对雾培作物根系温湿度环境,本文提出了温度和湿度耦合调控,先实时采集雾培器的温度、湿度,根据模糊控制思想将温度进行模糊化,同时将经过分级后的湿度分别与模糊化的温度耦合,再通过风扇和超声雾化片及压力喷头等来调节栽培室的温度、湿度,使作物根系处于适宜的环境下。针对如何控制雾化量,即为了区分不同状况下的雾化量,本文提出了超声雾化片分组雾化原理,设计了超声雾化片分组控制电路,由设定的控制策略来决定超声雾化片的等级,即超声雾化片同时工作的片数。
[Abstract]:Fog culture stands out from the development of soilless cultivation technology. First, in the fog culture system, the researchers tried different types of atomizers. While they noticed that different atomizers caused differences in the size of droplets, how did the size of droplets affect the growth and effects of fog cultivation crops? It is not clear yet. Secondly, in the fog control system, how to detect the multiple factors and how to adjust and control in the fog culture environment is also a problem. Finally, how to control the atomization amount of droplets of different sizes and how to control the spray timing are also worth discussing. In order to solve the problem of how the size of droplets affects crop growth in fog culture, a test bench is designed to produce various droplets, which are mainly produced by ultrasonic atomizer and pressure-type spray head. The test of fog culture was also done. For foggy crops, light intensity, temperature, humidity, time and other factors will directly affect the growth of crops, in order to detect and control the environmental parameters of fog culture, In this paper, an intelligent control system based on STC15 series single chip microcomputer test bench for fog culture is designed. The fog control system detects the environmental parameters (temperature, light intensity, temperature) of the cultivation room through controller A, and transmits the data with controller B through the wireless module. Then, according to the collected information, the controller A and the controller B are adjusted accordingly, which makes it an intelligent control system with perfect functions such as data acquisition, control, data transmission and so on. Considering the time, temperature, humidity, light intensity and other factors in the root environment of foggy crops, and the interaction between them, an effective control method can be obtained. In view of the dynamic change of illumination in the environment of foggy crops, a method of fitting and controlling ultrasonic atomizer and pressure-type sprinkler is proposed by combining external weather and time factors, which is divided into different light intensity grades and time periods. In this way, the atomization intensity and atomization time of ultrasonic atomizer and pressure nozzle can be controlled. In view of the temperature and humidity environment of the root system of foggy cultivation, this paper proposes the coupling control of temperature and humidity. Firstly, the temperature and humidity of the fog incubator are collected in real time, and the temperature is fuzzed according to the fuzzy control idea. At the same time, the humidity after classification was coupled with the fuzzy temperature respectively, and then the temperature and humidity of the cultivation room were adjusted by fan, ultrasonic atomizer and pressure sprinkler, so that the crop root system was in a suitable environment. In view of how to control the atomization quantity, that is, to distinguish the atomization quantity under different conditions, this paper puts forward the principle of ultrasonic atomizing sheet grouping atomization, designs the ultrasonic atomizing chip grouping control circuit, and determines the grade of ultrasonic atomizing piece by the set control strategy. That is the number of ultrasonic atomizing tablets working at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP273;S317

【参考文献】