基于西门子PLC的烧结炉监控系统设计与实现

发布时间：2018-09-05 19:58

【摘要】：硬质合金是Fe族与Ti、Zr、Ta、Mo等9类碳化物结合而成的,因具有较高的硬度、耐磨、耐热等性能得到人们的青睐,遍及医疗器械、航天、微电子产品等各种范畴。合金的品质因数是由炉室真空度测量、压力测量、温度测量的控制精度决定的,因此提高这三个控制回路的精度对烧结工艺过程极为关键。首先,介绍了根据厂家的控制需求,对合金材料的制备工艺、炉室的结构、工作原理以及控制策略进行总体方案设计,选用S7-300系列PLC作为下位机主控单元,触摸屏用于下位机HMI界面,能够真实模拟现场并进行现场监控,实现整个烧结过程的自动一体化。其次,针对炉温系统存在时滞性、非线性特点依靠一般的控制很难满足企业生产要求,研究了常规PID、PID参数自整定、自适应模糊PID,采用MATLAB/simulink仿真器进行模拟。经实验分析,模糊自适应PID控制效果最优,实现了可控硅调压装置自动调节。在烧结过程中,一般保温阶段在某种产品工艺加工中占有很重要的地位。在此阶段可以控制温度的相对平衡提高产品锻造的硬度、致密性等优点,但由于压力扰动作用导致压力与温度存在耦合现象。为了使系统的温度与压力控制能够形成单独的控制回路,采用带前馈补偿双变量全解耦的设计,既改善了系统的品质,又增加了系统的自由度,实现了压力与温度的全解耦,为生产高品质的产品提供了良好的解决方案。最后,嵌入式版MCGS触摸屏与S7-300PLC通讯监控系统设计。通过配置I/O站点及参数等进行上位机组态通讯,其触摸屏界面监控部分包括工艺曲线、报警处理、数据存储等设计,能够真实模拟现场烧结炉整体烧结过程,在实现自动烧结烧结过程的同时,使生产投入减少,提高了企业的经济效益。
[Abstract]:Cemented carbides are composed of Fe family and 9 kinds of carbides such as Ti,Zr,Ta,Mo. Because of their high hardness, wear resistance, heat resistance and other properties, cemented carbides are popular in various fields, such as medical devices, spaceflight, microelectronics and so on. The quality factor of the alloy is determined by the control accuracy of vacuum measurement, pressure measurement and temperature measurement in the furnace chamber. Therefore, improving the accuracy of the three control loops is very important to the sintering process. Firstly, according to the control requirements of the manufacturer, the overall scheme design of the preparation process, the structure, the working principle and the control strategy of the alloy material is introduced. The S7-300 series PLC is selected as the main control unit of the lower computer. The touch screen is used in the HMI interface of the lower computer, which can simulate and monitor the field and realize the automatic integration of the whole sintering process. Secondly, in view of the delay of furnace temperature system, it is difficult to meet the requirements of enterprise production by the nonlinear characteristics. The conventional PID,PID parameter self-tuning is studied, and the adaptive fuzzy PID, is simulated by MATLAB/simulink simulator. Through the experiment analysis, the fuzzy adaptive PID control effect is optimal, and the silicon controlled voltage regulator is automatically adjusted. In the sintering process, the general insulation stage occupies a very important position in the process of a certain product. At this stage, the relative balance of temperature can be controlled to improve the hardness and density of forging products, but the pressure disturbance results in the coupling of pressure and temperature. In order to make the temperature and pressure control of the system form a separate control loop, the design of full decoupling with feedforward compensation is adopted, which not only improves the quality of the system, but also increases the degree of freedom of the system, and realizes the complete decoupling of pressure and temperature. For the production of high-quality products to provide a good solution. Finally, the embedded version of MCGS touch screen and S7-300PLC communication monitoring system design. By configuring I / O station and parameters, the upper computer configuration communication is carried out. The touch screen interface monitoring part includes the design of process curve, alarm processing, data storage and so on, which can simulate the whole sintering process of field sintering furnace. At the same time, the production investment is reduced and the economic benefit of the enterprise is improved.
【学位授予单位】：北方民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP273;TP277;TF046.4

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