基于地理位置的WSN安全路由协议的研究

发布时间：2018-09-08 13:41

【摘要】：无线传感器网络是由大量的传感器节点通过自组织方式形成的网络,具有广泛的应用前景。由于无线传感器网络一般部署在环境恶劣、无人值守的地方,且其本身的脆弱性,导致网络易受到攻击、干扰等,因此需要研究WSN安全性问题,以提高网络健壮性、鲁棒性。而安全路由技术是WSN安全性问题关键技术之一。目前已经提出了很多WSN路由协议,大多数协议在设计之初主要是以节省能量为前提,对安全问题考虑的较少。鉴于此,本文在现有的无线传感器网络路由协议的基础上,设计了一种基于正六边形网格部署的安全引导模型及安全信任机制的路由协议ST-GEAR(Security Trust Geographical and Energy Aware Routing),所取得成果如下:首先,通过分析常见路由协议易受到的攻击方式以及相应的防御方法,选择信任机制进行深入研究。针对目前信任机制中信任值计算复杂、节点能量消耗过大等问题,在基于Beta分布的信誉模型的基础上,本文提出一种二项分布安全信任机制BDRM(Binomial Distribution Reputation Mechanism)。通过节点的能量和节点的通信行为来计算节点的信任值,并将节点的信任值作为识别恶意节点的依据,来达到防御路由协议受到内部攻击的目的。其次,针对GEAR路由协议在安全防御方面存在的不足,为提高GEAR路由协议的安全性,本文设计一种安全路由协议ST-GEAR。该协议通过在路由中引入安全引导模型及安全信任机制BDRM,使其具有更好的防御攻击能力。其中,安全引导模型能够保证节点间传输的信息的完整性;安全信任机制BDRM能够通过信任值对节点进行评价,发现网络中的恶意节点。同时,该协议在选路过程中综合考虑节点的能量、距离和信任值,选择综合代价小的节点作为下一跳转发节点,将恶意节点排除在外,提高路由协议的安全性。最后,利用Matlab仿真工具对本文提出的安全路由协议ST-GEAR进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明,与GEAR、E-GEAR路由协议相比,ST-GEAR安全路由可以在一定程度上提高数据包的传输率,降低数据包的丢失率。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a self-organized network formed by a large number of sensor nodes, which has a wide application prospect. Because wireless sensor networks are deployed in unattended and unattended places, and are vulnerable to attack and interference, it is necessary to study the security of WSN in order to improve the robustness and robustness of the network. Security routing technology is one of the key technologies of WSN security problem. At present, many WSN routing protocols have been proposed, most of which are mainly based on energy saving at the beginning of design. In view of this, based on the existing routing protocols in wireless sensor networks, A routing protocol ST-GEAR (Security Trust Geographical and Energy Aware Routing), based on hexagonal grid deployment security boot model and secure trust mechanism is designed. The results are as follows: first of all, Through the analysis of common routing protocols vulnerable to attacks and the corresponding defense methods, trust mechanism is selected for in-depth research. Aiming at the problems of complex calculation of trust value and excessive energy consumption of nodes in the current trust mechanism, this paper proposes a binomial distributed security trust mechanism, BDRM (Binomial Distribution Reputation Mechanism)., based on the reputation model based on Beta distribution. The trust value of the node is calculated by the energy of the node and the communication behavior of the node, and the trust value of the node is regarded as the basis of identifying the malicious node, so as to achieve the purpose of defending the routing protocol from the internal attack. Secondly, in order to improve the security of GEAR routing protocol, a secure routing protocol ST-GEAR. is designed to improve the security of GEAR routing protocol. The protocol has a better defense capability by introducing a secure boot model and a secure trust mechanism (BDRM,) into the routing. The security guidance model can ensure the integrity of the information transmitted between nodes, and the security trust mechanism BDRM can evaluate the nodes through the trust value to find the malicious nodes in the network. At the same time, the protocol considers the energy, distance and trust value of the node in the routing process, and selects the node with low synthesis cost as the next hop forwarding node to exclude the malicious node and improve the security of the routing protocol. Finally, Matlab simulation tool is used to simulate and analyze the proposed secure routing protocol ST-GEAR. The simulation results show that compared with the GEAR,E-GEAR routing protocol, the ST-GEAR secure routing can improve the transmission rate of data packets to a certain extent. Reduce the rate of packet loss.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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