基于光纤光栅钻孔应力计的巷道围岩采动应力监测系统开发与应用

发布时间：2018-10-17 18:50

【摘要】：在煤矿安全开采中,岩体应力状态研究对揭示巷道围岩应力场的分布特征及演化规律和研究煤岩动力灾害和巷道支护设计至关重要。本文以先研制传感器和开发传感系统后进行现场应用和效果评价为主线,依次进行了光纤光栅钻孔应力计的设计与研制和光纤光栅采动应力监测系统的开发、应用和应用效果验证。通过理论分析建立了钻孔围岩力学模型,对围岩—钻孔应力计相互作用进行力学分析,结果表明增加应力计初始应力和伸缩性能可以改善监测精度。结合光纤光栅传感原理和其传感特性,对管状结构和囊状结构光纤光栅钻孔应力计进行了结构设计和性能测试,证明其初始应力不足和伸缩性能不够等缺陷的同时提出一种更优的分级组合体结构钻孔应力计。为了进一步改善传感效果,设计了一种“膜片结构+连接杆”式光纤光栅压力计,通过性能测试和仿真分析证明其具有良好的线性度和工作重复性。基于光纤光栅钻孔应力计开发了一种光纤光栅采动应力监测系统,在开放化、集成化和智能化的设计理念下,完成了多平台分工协作设计和模型设计,将其分为了硬件系统和软件系统并进行了结构设计,使系统具有实时数据显示和历史信息查询等特点。将系统用于现场巷道围岩支承压力监测中,并用数值模拟得出巷道围岩支承压力分布曲线,将二者结果进行比较得出:现场实测和模拟的巷道围岩支承压力分布趋势相近,规律相似,以此证明了系统设计合理,性能稳定可靠,达到了现场监测的预期效果并实现了成功运行。
[Abstract]:In the safe mining of coal mine, the study of rock mass stress state is very important to reveal the distribution characteristics and evolution law of surrounding rock stress field of roadway and to study the dynamic disaster of coal and rock and the design of roadway support. In this paper, the design and development of the fiber grating borehole stress meter and the monitoring system of the mining stress of the fiber grating are carried out according to the main line of the field application and the effect evaluation of the sensor and the sensor system. Application and effect verification. The mechanical model of borehole surrounding rock is established by theoretical analysis, and the mechanical analysis of the interaction between surrounding rock and borehole stressor is carried out. The results show that the accuracy of monitoring can be improved by increasing the initial stress and scalability of the stress meter. Based on the principle of fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing and its sensing characteristics, the structure design and performance test of fiber Bragg grating borehole stress meter with tubular structure and cystic structure are carried out. At the same time, it is proved that the initial stress is insufficient and the scalability is not enough. At the same time, a better borehole stress meter is proposed. In order to further improve the sensing effect, a kind of "diaphragm structure connecting rod" fiber grating manometer is designed, which is proved to have good linearity and repeatability by performance test and simulation analysis. Based on the fiber grating borehole stress meter, a fiber grating mining stress monitoring system is developed. Under the open, integrated and intelligent design concept, the multi-platform division of labor cooperation and model design are completed. The system is divided into hardware system and software system, and the structure is designed, which makes the system have the characteristics of real-time data display and historical information query. The system is used to monitor the supporting pressure of surrounding rock of roadway in the field, and the distribution curve of supporting pressure of surrounding rock of roadway is obtained by numerical simulation. By comparing the two results, it is concluded that the distribution trend of supporting pressure of surrounding rock of roadway measured on site is similar to that of simulation. The law is similar, which proves that the system design is reasonable, the performance is stable and reliable, the expected effect of field monitoring is achieved and the successful operation is realized.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP274;TD326

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