无刷直流电机的控制系统研究
发布时间：2018-11-10 10:43
【摘要】：当今社会,严重的环境污染问题以及不可再生能源的逐渐缺乏问题,受到越来越多的国家关注。电动汽车(Electric Vehicle,EV)作为新能源汽车,本身具有节能环保的优势,顺应了时代的潮流,从而受到许多国家的关注及重视。伴随着电动汽车在电机控制系统方面的不断研究和发展,无刷直流电机的优势也越来越受到许多厂家的青睐,并且在科研方面占据着重要的位置。当然,怎样把系统的整体性能有效地提高一直是厂家密切关注的问题。本课题所研究的无刷直流电机控制系统相比于传统的控制系统具有较高的稳定性,较强的抗干扰能力等优势,并且可以有效地克服传统系统所引起的换相转矩波动等问题,具有很好的应用前景。本课题在满足电动汽车对性能的要求的前提下,同时为了弥补无刷直流电机自身的不足,提出了一种车用无刷直流电机的控制系统方案。永磁无刷直流电机(Permanent Magnet Brushless Direct Current Motor,BLDCM)兼有着直流电机与交流电机两者的优点,比如能够及时对现场情况作出反应;结构相对也比较简单,能够减少对空间的占用。故它在工业控制领域方面得到了越来越广泛的应用,然而无刷电机也并不是那么完美,它本身也存在着如非线性等问题,局限了它在控制精度方面的提高。本课题通过此电机在α-β坐标系下所建立的非线性数学模型,利用无迹卡尔曼滤波(UnscentedKalmanFilter,UKF)算法来在线观测定子上的磁链值并同时估算转子的位置及速度,再与直接转矩控制(direct torque control,DTC)方法相结合来控制电机。该算法具有较高的计算精度和鲁棒性,能够更准确的选出对应的电压空间矢量从而能更好地实现对无刷电机转矩的直接控制。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, more and more countries pay attention to the serious environmental pollution and the lack of non-renewable energy. Electric vehicle (Electric Vehicle,EV), as a new energy vehicle, has the advantage of energy saving and environmental protection, and conforms to the trend of the times. With the continuous research and development of electric vehicle in motor control system, the advantages of brushless DC motor are more and more favored by many manufacturers, and occupy an important position in scientific research. Of course, how to effectively improve the overall performance of the system has been a matter of close concern to manufacturers. Compared with the traditional control system, the brushless DC motor control system studied in this paper has the advantages of high stability and strong anti-interference ability, and can effectively overcome the problems of commutation torque ripple caused by the traditional system. It has a good application prospect. In order to make up for the shortage of brushless DC motor, a control system scheme of brushless DC motor for vehicle is put forward in this paper, on the premise of satisfying the requirement of performance of electric vehicle, and in order to make up the deficiency of brushless DC motor itself. Permanent magnet brushless DC motor (Permanent Magnet Brushless Direct Current Motor,BLDCM) has the advantages of both DC motor and AC motor, such as the ability to respond to the field situation in time, and the relatively simple structure, which can reduce the occupation of space. Therefore, it has been more and more widely used in the field of industrial control. However, the brushless motor is not so perfect, and it also has some problems such as nonlinearity, which limits the improvement of its control precision. Based on the nonlinear mathematical model of the motor in 伪-尾 coordinate system, the unscented Kalman filter (UnscentedKalmanFilter,UKF) algorithm is used to on-line observe the flux value of the stator and to estimate the rotor position and speed at the same time. Then combined with the direct torque control (direct torque control,DTC) method to control the motor. The algorithm has high calculation accuracy and robustness, and can select the corresponding voltage space vector more accurately, and can better realize the direct control of the torque of brushless motor.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP273;TM33
[Abstract]:Nowadays, more and more countries pay attention to the serious environmental pollution and the lack of non-renewable energy. Electric vehicle (Electric Vehicle,EV), as a new energy vehicle, has the advantage of energy saving and environmental protection, and conforms to the trend of the times. With the continuous research and development of electric vehicle in motor control system, the advantages of brushless DC motor are more and more favored by many manufacturers, and occupy an important position in scientific research. Of course, how to effectively improve the overall performance of the system has been a matter of close concern to manufacturers. Compared with the traditional control system, the brushless DC motor control system studied in this paper has the advantages of high stability and strong anti-interference ability, and can effectively overcome the problems of commutation torque ripple caused by the traditional system. It has a good application prospect. In order to make up for the shortage of brushless DC motor, a control system scheme of brushless DC motor for vehicle is put forward in this paper, on the premise of satisfying the requirement of performance of electric vehicle, and in order to make up the deficiency of brushless DC motor itself. Permanent magnet brushless DC motor (Permanent Magnet Brushless Direct Current Motor,BLDCM) has the advantages of both DC motor and AC motor, such as the ability to respond to the field situation in time, and the relatively simple structure, which can reduce the occupation of space. Therefore, it has been more and more widely used in the field of industrial control. However, the brushless motor is not so perfect, and it also has some problems such as nonlinearity, which limits the improvement of its control precision. Based on the nonlinear mathematical model of the motor in 伪-尾 coordinate system, the unscented Kalman filter (UnscentedKalmanFilter,UKF) algorithm is used to on-line observe the flux value of the stator and to estimate the rotor position and speed at the same time. Then combined with the direct torque control (direct torque control,DTC) method to control the motor. The algorithm has high calculation accuracy and robustness, and can select the corresponding voltage space vector more accurately, and can better realize the direct control of the torque of brushless motor.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP273;TM33
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1 黄洪剑,林瑞光;无刷直流电机可靠性及其故障模式分析[J];电机与控制学报;2000年04期
2 邱建琪,史涔n，
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