UHF RFID标签协议一致性测试系统设计

发布时间：2019-01-23 19:28

【摘要】：射频识别(RFID)技术是物联网应用主要研究方向之一,是信息技术领域的研究热点,RFID技术在许多领域己经得到了广泛的应用。应用环境的复杂性和技术本身存在的未解决问题所造成的不确定性使得RFID测试显得尤为重要。RFID产品日趋多样化,使产品的协议一致性面临挑战,RFID系统中与其他部件相比标签的数量最为庞大,因此本文主要关注RFID标签协议一致性测试。基于RFID测试系统发展现状和相关需求,依托国家重大科学仪器专项所研制的高性能微波频谱分析仪,本文对UHF RFID测试技术进行了深入研究,并提出一种实现仪器小型化、实用化、可扩展以及成本合理的UHF RFID标签协议一致性自动化测试解决方案。所设计的测试系统在实现基本功能的基础上,在系统设计上不断探索和创新,为下一步研究积累了技术和软硬件资源。该系统具有自主知识产权,能够满足基本测试需求。本文从系统总体设计,系统硬件设计和软件设计三个主要方面入手,逐步完成每个部分的设计和开发工作,以实现UHF RFID标签协议一致性测试系统。最初的方案运用所开发的RFID测试专用板卡实现,但是在一系列新需求的驱动下需要进行方案改进和创新,通过对总结的几种技术方案的分析,最终选定了 ARM核心的ASIC芯片方案,并且选用ZYNQ作为ARM核心以增强系统功能和扩展性。硬件平台搭建基于全新的国产仪器:高性能微波频谱分析仪,主要进行RFID测试专用硬件模块:多协议测试前端的开发,系统开发工作本身就具有探索性和创新性。多协议测试前端集成了 UHF前端板,包括控制电路和基于UHF RFID专用芯片的射频前端电路等。另外为了实现扩展性,还设计集成了HF前端板,ARM控制核心则采用ZYNQ核心的数字电路。ARM核心的ASIC芯片方案具有体积和成本优势,单块功能电路板面积小,运用层叠结构可以使多协议测试前端体型小巧,另外,该模块即插即用,使用方便,通过开发多个前端板,实现系统可扩展性。系统软件方面主要包括前端微控制器和ZYNQ嵌入式软件,以及上位机测试软件,主要的测试和信号分析算法在测试软件实现。
[Abstract]:Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is one of the main research directions of Internet of things and is a hot research topic in the field of information technology. RFID technology has been widely used in many fields. Because of the complexity of the application environment and the uncertainty caused by the unsolved problems in the technology itself, RFID testing is becoming more and more important. RFID products are becoming more and more diversified, and the protocol consistency of the products is facing a challenge. Compared with other components, the number of tags in RFID system is the largest, so this paper focuses on RFID tag protocol conformance testing. Based on the development status and related requirements of RFID test system and relying on the high performance microwave spectrum analyzer developed by the National Major Scientific instrument Project, this paper makes a deep research on the UHF RFID test technology, and puts forward a miniaturization of the instrument. Practical, extensible and reasonably cost UHF RFID tag protocol conformance automation test solution. On the basis of realizing the basic functions, the test system has been continuously explored and innovated in the system design, which has accumulated technology and software and hardware resources for the next research. The system has independent intellectual property rights and can meet the basic test requirements. This paper starts with three main aspects of system design, hardware design and software design, and completes the design and development of each part step by step, in order to realize the UHF RFID tag protocol conformance test system. The original scheme is implemented with the developed RFID test board, but under the drive of a series of new requirements, it needs to be improved and innovated. Through the analysis of several technical schemes summarized, the ASIC chip scheme of the core of ARM is finally selected. ZYNQ is chosen as the core of ARM to enhance the system function and expansibility. The hardware platform is built based on a new domestic instrument: high performance microwave spectrum analyzer. The hardware module of RFID testing is mainly used: the development of multi-protocol test front end. The system development itself is exploratory and innovative. Multi-protocol test front-end integrates UHF front-end board, including control circuit and RF front-end circuit based on UHF RFID chip. In addition, in order to realize expansibility, the HF front-end board is designed and integrated, and the ARM control core adopts the digital circuit of the ZYNQ core. The ASIC chip scheme of the ARM core has the advantages of volume and cost, and the area of the single functional circuit board is small. The stack structure can make the multi-protocol test front-end small and compact. In addition, the module is plug and play, easy to use, through the development of multiple front-end boards, the system can be extensible. The system software mainly includes the front-end microcontroller and ZYNQ embedded software, as well as the host computer test software. The main testing and signal analysis algorithms are implemented in the test software.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP391.44;TP274;TP311.52

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