基于PLC多流钢坯自动标识控制系统的研究
发布时间：2019-04-19 23:05
【摘要】：钢铁企业生产过程,尤其是特种钢铁企业,钢坯标识是不可或缺的一个重要环节。随着钢铁企业自动化技术水平的不断革新,自动标识作业已经逐渐取代原有的人工标识。尤其是能实现多机、多流、多钢种在线自动标识的钢坯自动标识设备越来越受到欢迎,不仅可以提高生产效率,还可以有效避免人工标识带来的标识不清、易脱落和人身安全等问题。在研究和对比国内外已有标识设备的基础上,本文旨在研制一套多流钢坯自动标识控制系统。论文的主要工作有以下几个部分:1.在对国内外标识设备工作原理,标识技术参数,系统构成等初步认识的基础上,确定出本文所研制标识设备的系统构成,实现标识的方法;并进一步分析构建该控制系统所涉及的运动控制理论,伺服控制技术和激光位移传感器测量技术等,为最终成功设计该控制系统奠定基础。2.从运动控制技术基本原理出发,本控制系统基于路径规划插补理论完成了标识字符的G代码程序设计;基于速度控制算法和PID闭环控制理论完成了伺服控制参数设计、优化,实现了运动控制系统能快速、稳定、连续地完成预定轨迹并有效地降低运动冲击和提高标识效率。3.对比实现运动控制的不同方法并结合实际应用环境,确立了以可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)于运动模块相配合构建多轴协同运动控制系统。并在此基础上完成了系统电气原理图设计,标识控制程序设计,HMI软件设计等工作。激光位移传感器作为测量元件,重点进行激光器动态测量误差分析,以保证控制系统快速、稳定、准确地完成标识任务。4.最后还要对控制系统参数优化,误差分析等。为保证控制系统有稳定地快速响应性,就要对伺服系统自动增益调整、频率特性调整等使其处于最优化工作状态,避免引起共振;为了保证控制系统精度,就要对控制函数的增益系数和时间常数等优化,使控制精度达到微米级。试验结果表明:标识系统运行稳定,自动化程度高,标识速度快,标识结果清晰且保存时间长,系统控制精度高,满足设计要求和工业生产需求。
[Abstract]:Billet marking is an indispensable link in the production process of iron and steel enterprises, especially in special iron and steel enterprises. With the continuous innovation of automation technology in iron and steel enterprises, automatic marking has gradually replaced the original manual identification. In particular, the billet automatic marking equipment, which can realize multi-machine, multi-flow and multi-grade on-line automatic marking, is becoming more and more popular. It can not only improve the production efficiency, but also effectively avoid the unclear identification brought about by manual marking. Easy to fall off and personal safety and other issues. Based on the research and comparison of the existing marking equipment at home and abroad, this paper aims to develop a set of automatic identification control system for multi-flow billet. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. On the basis of the preliminary understanding of the working principle, technical parameters and system structure of the marking equipment at home and abroad, the system structure of the marking equipment developed in this paper is determined, and the method of realizing the marking is given. The motion control theory, servo control technology and laser displacement sensor measurement technology involved in the construction of the control system are further analyzed in order to lay a foundation for the successful design of the control system. 2. Based on the basic principle of motion control technology, this control system completes the G code program design of identifying characters based on path planning interpolation theory. Based on the speed control algorithm and the PID closed loop control theory, the servo control parameters are designed and optimized, and the motion control system can be fast, stable, continuously complete the predetermined trajectory and effectively reduce the motion impact and improve the marking efficiency. 3. A multi-axis cooperative motion control system based on programmable logic controller (PLC) and motion module is established by comparing different methods to realize motion control and combining with practical application environment. On this basis, the system electrical schematic design, identification control program design, HMI software design and so on. As a measuring element, the laser displacement sensor focuses on the dynamic measurement error analysis of the laser to ensure that the control system is fast, stable and accurate to complete the marking task. 4. Finally, the control system parameters optimization, error analysis and so on. In order to ensure the stable and rapid response of the control system, it is necessary to adjust the automatic gain and frequency characteristics of the servo system to make it in the optimal working state, so as to avoid causing resonance. In order to ensure the accuracy of the control system, the gain coefficient and time constant of the control function should be optimized to make the control precision reach the micron level. The experimental results show that the marking system has the advantages of stable operation, high automation, fast marking speed, clear marking results and long storage time, and high control precision, which meets the requirements of design and industrial production.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TF089;TP273
[Abstract]:Billet marking is an indispensable link in the production process of iron and steel enterprises, especially in special iron and steel enterprises. With the continuous innovation of automation technology in iron and steel enterprises, automatic marking has gradually replaced the original manual identification. In particular, the billet automatic marking equipment, which can realize multi-machine, multi-flow and multi-grade on-line automatic marking, is becoming more and more popular. It can not only improve the production efficiency, but also effectively avoid the unclear identification brought about by manual marking. Easy to fall off and personal safety and other issues. Based on the research and comparison of the existing marking equipment at home and abroad, this paper aims to develop a set of automatic identification control system for multi-flow billet. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. On the basis of the preliminary understanding of the working principle, technical parameters and system structure of the marking equipment at home and abroad, the system structure of the marking equipment developed in this paper is determined, and the method of realizing the marking is given. The motion control theory, servo control technology and laser displacement sensor measurement technology involved in the construction of the control system are further analyzed in order to lay a foundation for the successful design of the control system. 2. Based on the basic principle of motion control technology, this control system completes the G code program design of identifying characters based on path planning interpolation theory. Based on the speed control algorithm and the PID closed loop control theory, the servo control parameters are designed and optimized, and the motion control system can be fast, stable, continuously complete the predetermined trajectory and effectively reduce the motion impact and improve the marking efficiency. 3. A multi-axis cooperative motion control system based on programmable logic controller (PLC) and motion module is established by comparing different methods to realize motion control and combining with practical application environment. On this basis, the system electrical schematic design, identification control program design, HMI software design and so on. As a measuring element, the laser displacement sensor focuses on the dynamic measurement error analysis of the laser to ensure that the control system is fast, stable and accurate to complete the marking task. 4. Finally, the control system parameters optimization, error analysis and so on. In order to ensure the stable and rapid response of the control system, it is necessary to adjust the automatic gain and frequency characteristics of the servo system to make it in the optimal working state, so as to avoid causing resonance. In order to ensure the accuracy of the control system, the gain coefficient and time constant of the control function should be optimized to make the control precision reach the micron level. The experimental results show that the marking system has the advantages of stable operation, high automation, fast marking speed, clear marking results and long storage time, and high control precision, which meets the requirements of design and industrial production.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TF089;TP273
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5 傅e，
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