面粉自动包装机械手及PLC控制系统研究

发布时间：2019-07-01 10:36

【摘要】：面粉自动包装机是现代面粉加工企业自动化关键设备之一。其包装效率及各作业环节的可靠性和稳定性对生产过程有着重要影响。迄今,我国的面粉自动包装机仅处于起步阶段,其作业过程存在着包装袋粘接、套袋松弛、漏粉等重要问题,且包装机械手各个环节之间的设计缺乏连贯性、紧凑性和高度配合性,无法提高机器的利用率和面粉自动包装效率。因此,研究开发性能优越、生产效率高、产量大、环保性能良好的面粉自动包装控制系统显得尤为重要。本文,通过对面粉自动包装工艺和现有包装机在生产中存在的主要问题进行分析,针对面粉自动包装机的关键环节——包装机械手自动取代、套袋、包装袋夹紧、封口等工序,进行了面粉自动包装关键技术研究,建立了一种机械手自动取代、套袋、夹紧作业PID控制模型,并设计了一种面粉自动包装机械手PLC控制系统,对PLC控制系统的软硬件、触摸屏控制进行了分析研究与仿真设计。所提出面粉自动包装控制系统中,包装装袋传送机构采用双轨运行机构,双轨并行,独立并协调工作,确保加料的连续进行,可保证自动包装专业具有较高的包装速度和生产效率。面粉自动包装机采用伸缩给料器和密闭回收仓装置,包装时从底部供料,避免了面粉包装中产生粉尘污染和面粉损失。针对上述关键问题,提出了一种PLC与触摸屏相结合的自动控制方案,并在自动控制中采用西门子公司的S7-200控制器作为主控器,采用变频器控制的交流电机作为机械手的驱动电机,采用RS485总线通信协议构成控制网络。同时,研究了PID控制系统的原理,建立机械手控制的PID模型,并在机械手电机控制中加入PID调节器,调节系统的动态和稳态性能。本文还设计了一套以PLC为核心,以变频电机为执行元件,以触摸屏为人机界面的面粉自动包装机械手控制系统,以RS-485总线通讯实现了PLC对各功能单元的控制,提高了系统的可靠性和系统性,实现了智能化的自动包装控制过程和可视化的参数控制。
[Abstract]:Automatic flour packaging machine is one of the key automation equipment in modern flour processing enterprises. Its packaging efficiency and the reliability and stability of each operation link have an important impact on the production process. Up to now, the automatic flour packaging machine in our country is only in its infancy, and there are some important problems in its operation, such as bag bonding, bag relaxation, powder leakage and so on, and the design between each link of the packaging manipulator is lack of consistency, compactness and high compatibility, which can not improve the utilization rate of the machine and the efficiency of automatic flour packaging. Therefore, it is particularly important to research and develop flour automatic packaging control system with superior performance, high production efficiency, large output and good environmental protection performance. In this paper, through the analysis of the automatic flour packaging technology and the main problems existing in the production of the existing packaging machine, aiming at the key links of the automatic flour packaging machine, such as automatic replacement of the packaging manipulator, bagging, bag clamping, sealing and so on, the key technology of automatic flour packaging is studied, and a PID control model of automatic replacement, bagging and clamping of the manipulator is established. A PLC control system of flour automatic packaging manipulator is designed, and the software and hardware of PLC control system and touch screen control are analyzed and simulated. In the automatic flour packaging control system, the packaging and bagging transmission mechanism adopts two-track running mechanism, which is parallel, independent and coordinated to ensure the continuous feeding, which can ensure the high packaging speed and production efficiency of the automatic packaging specialty. The automatic flour packaging machine adopts telescopic feeder and closed recovery bin device, which supplies from the bottom when packing, which avoids dust pollution and flour loss in flour packaging. In order to solve the above key problems, an automatic control scheme combining PLC with touch screen is proposed. In the automatic control, Siemens S7 V200 controller is used as the main controller, AC motor controlled by frequency converter is used as the driving motor of manipulator, and RS485 bus communication protocol is used to form the control network. At the same time, the principle of PID control system is studied, the PID model of manipulator control is established, and the PID regulator is added to the manipulator motor control to adjust the dynamic and steady-state performance of the system. This paper also designs a set of flour automatic packaging manipulator control system with PLC as the core, frequency conversion motor as the executive element and touch screen as the human interface. The PLC control of each functional unit is realized by RS-485 bus communication, which improves the reliability and systematicness of the system, and realizes the intelligent automatic packaging control process and visual parameter control.
【学位授予单位】：河南工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TS211.3;TP273

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