禹门口引黄灌区现状调查及水资源合理配置

发布时间：2018-01-03 21:43

本文关键词：禹门口引黄灌区现状调查及水资源合理配置　出处：《太原理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：禹门口引黄灌区作为山西省最大的灌区,是运城、临汾两市农作物生产基地,对两市乃至山西省经济发展有重要的影响。由于灌区内水资源量与供水时空分布不均问题,影响着灌区内的农业生产,并阻碍着水资源的可持续利用。如何使得有限的水资源发挥最大效益已成为亟待研究的关键问题,作者针对禹门口引黄灌区水资源的合理配置做了如下研究。本论文收集、调查了禹门口引黄灌区内10个子灌区的面积概况、现状水源和灌溉工程设施的利用情况。分析了灌区内可供水资源的基本情况以及水库概况,得出了主要用于农业灌溉的供水资源,并分析计算了灌区内农业灌溉需水量,对禹门口引黄灌区的水资源进行了供需平衡分析。结果表明灌区内水资源在总量上可以满足农业灌溉需水要求。针对禹门口引黄灌区的水资源供需矛盾进行水资源合理配置的分析研究。分别从水量和流量两个方面对灌区内的水资源进行合理分配,对时空分配不均问题提出了具体的分配方案和解决灌区缺水问题的办法,并阐述了水资源合理配置实施办法的保障措施。具体研究成果如下： (1)依据水资源供需平衡分析得出：禹门口引黄灌区灌溉需水量为6.4亿m3,灌区内工业年用水量0.88亿m3,冲沙年用水量0.3亿m3,生态补水用水量0.45亿m3,总计8.03亿m3,而灌区年提水总量为8.5亿m3。从水量平衡分析可知供水可以满足需水要求。 (2)通过对灌区内蓄水量和农作物生育期灌溉缺水量矛盾分析,提出了具体的配置方案：将3月20日～3月25日(蓄水量0.09亿m3)、4月15日～4月19日(蓄水量0.22亿m3)、5月26日～5月31日(蓄水量0.09亿m3)、6月1日～6月15日(蓄水量0.627亿m3)、7月1日～7月12日(蓄水量0.182亿m3)这五个余水期的蓄水量按需分配给3月26日～4月14日(缺水量0.038亿m3)、4月20日～5月25日(缺水量0.27亿m3)、8月1日～8月15日(缺水量0.627亿m3)、11月21日～12月12日(缺水量0.27亿m3)四个灌溉缺水期,由此可见,余水期的蓄水量可以满足灌溉缺水期的缺水量,做到了合理分配水资源。 (3)通过灌区水资源在流量上的配置研究表明：在农作物四个生育期内(3月20日～3月25日、3月26日～4月14日、4月20日～5月25日、11月21日～12月12日)灌区所需灌溉流量都超过了50m3/s,因此利用灌区内水库蓄水来满足这四个生育期的灌溉流量要求。通过分析灌区内需要进行三次蓄水,第一次蓄水(3月20日～3月25日共蓄水900万m3)和第二次蓄水(4月15日～4月19日共蓄水2200万m3)可以直接蓄到三泉水库、西梁水库和浍河水库；而第三次蓄水(5月26日～7月12日)总量为8990万m3,而这三个水库可调蓄的总库容3825万m3,所以建议新建一个调蓄库容为5165万m3的水库。采用水资源在水量和流量两个方面的水资源配置方案,解决了灌区内由于水资源时空分布不均带来的农业灌溉的水资源问题,对促进灌区内人们经济生活水平的提高和水资源的可持续利用有重要的意义。
[Abstract]:As the largest irrigation area in Shanxi Province , Yumenkou Yellow River irrigation area is the largest irrigation area in Shanxi Province , which has an important influence on the economic development of the two cities and even Shanxi Province . Because of the uneven distribution of water resources and time - space distribution in the irrigation area , the sustainable utilization of water resources is hindered . How to make the limited water resources exert the greatest benefit has become the key problem to be studied . The author studies the rational allocation of water resources in the Yellow River irrigation area of Yumenkou . This paper collects and surveys the area profile , status quo water source and utilization of irrigation works at Yumenkou Yellow River irrigation area . The basic situation of the water supply resources in the irrigation area and the general situation of the reservoir are analyzed . The water supply resources mainly used in agricultural irrigation are analyzed . The water resources in the irrigation area are analyzed and calculated . The results show that the water resources in the irrigation area can meet the demand of irrigation water demand in agriculture . Based on the analysis of the rational allocation of water resources in the irrigation area of Yumenkou Yellow River , the rational distribution of water resources in the irrigation area is carried out from two aspects of water quantity and flow , the specific distribution scheme is put forward to solve the problem of uneven distribution of time and space and the water shortage problem in the irrigation area is solved , and the safeguard measures for the implementation of rational allocation of water resources are expounded . The results are as follows : ( 1 ) According to the analysis of the water supply and demand balance of water resources , the irrigation water requirement of Yumenkou Yellow River irrigation area is 640 million m3 , the annual water consumption in the irrigation area is 0.888 million m3 , the water consumption of the irrigation area is 0.300 million m3 , the water consumption of the ecological water supply is 0.445 million m3 , the total amount of the ecological water supply is 800 million m3 , and the total amount of water in the irrigation area is 850 million m3 . From the analysis of the water balance analysis , the water supply can meet the water requirement requirement . ( 2 ) Based on the analysis of the contradiction between the amount of water stored in the irrigation area and the irrigation water shortage during the growth period of the crops , the specific configuration scheme is put forward : the water storage capacity of the five remaining water periods from March 20 to March 25 ( water storage capacity is 0.900 million m3 ) , May 26 to May 31 ( water storage capacity is 0.billion m3 ) , from July 1 to December 15 ( water storage capacity is 0.275m m3 ) , from November 21 to December 12 ( water shortage is 0.727 million m3 ) , the water storage amount of the remaining water period can meet the water shortage period of the irrigation water shortage period , and the water resources can be reasonably distributed . ( 3 ) The irrigation flow rate of the irrigation area is more than 50m3 / s , and the irrigation flow rate of the irrigation area is more than 50m3 / s in the four growing periods of crops ( 20 - Mar - 25 , Mar . 26 - April 14 , April 20 - May 25 , Nov . 21 - Dec . 12 ) . The total volume of the third water storage ( from May 26 to July 12 ) is 890.9 million m3 , and the total volume of the third water storage ( May 26 - July 12 ) is 382.5 million m3 . Therefore , it is recommended to build a reservoir with a capacity of 516.5 million m3 . By adopting the water resource allocation scheme of water resources in two aspects of water quantity and flow rate , the problem of water resources of agricultural irrigation due to uneven distribution of water resources in the irrigation area is solved , and it is important to promote the improvement of people ' s economic living standard in the irrigation area and the sustainable utilization of water resources .

【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：S274;TV213.4

【参考文献】