钱塘江下游江段鱼类资源现状

发布时间：2018-01-04 12:20

本文关键词：钱塘江下游江段鱼类资源现状　出处：《浙江农业学报》2017年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：2014年11月—2016年11月对钱塘江下游桐庐、富阳和闻堰江段的鱼类资源进行了逐季度采样调查,对该水域鱼类种类组成、优势种、群落多样性指数和捕捞情况进行分析。结果显示:共采集鱼类56种,隶属9目13科42属,其中鲤科鱼类种类最多,占总种类数的60.71%。优势种为光泽黄颡鱼、鲫、鲢和鳙。2015年春季捕获的鱼类种数最多,占总种数的57.89%;冬季鱼类捕获量最高,占总渔获量的26.94%。Margalef丰富度指数、Simpson多样性指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数的变化范围分别为1.24~2.83、0.75~0.89、1.73~2.53和0.56~0.74。与历史记录比较,桐庐、富阳和闻堰江段鱼类群落组成已经发生了显著变化,除本地种光泽黄颡鱼和鲫外,增殖放流鱼种已成为了优势或重要种群。另外,外来种和杂交种的存在可能会对该江段渔业资源的健康发展构成潜在威胁。
[Abstract]:The fish resources of Tonglu, Fuyang and Wenyan sections in the lower reaches of Qiantang River were collected from November 2014 to November 2016. The species composition and dominant species of fish were investigated. The results showed that 56 species of fish were collected, belonging to 9 orders, 13 families and 42 genera, among which the species of Cyprinidae were the most. The dominant species were Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, crucian carp, silver carp and bighead carp. In 2015, the number of fish caught in spring was the highest, accounting for 57.89% of the total species. In winter, the fish catch was the highest, accounting for 26.94% of the total catch. The richness index of Margalef was Simpson diversity index. The variation range of Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Pielou evenness index were 1.24 ~ 2.83 ~ 0.75 ~ 0.89, respectively. Compared with the historical records, the composition of fish community in Tonglu, Fuyang and Wenyan reaches has changed significantly, except for the native species of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco and Carassius auratus. In addition, the existence of exotic species and hybrid species may pose a potential threat to the healthy development of fishery resources.
【作者单位】：浙江省淡水水产研究所农业部淡水渔业健康养殖重点实验室浙江省淡水水产遗传育种重点实验室中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所浙江研究中心;
【基金】：浙江省科技厅公益技术研究农业项目(2014C32066)
【分类号】：S932.4
【正文快照】： 钱塘江以北源新安江起算,河长588.73 km,跨浙江、安徽两省,浙江省内流域面积达44 014.50 km2,是浙江最大的河流,下游江段中分布中沙岛、新沙岛、月亮岛、东洲岛、五丰岛等10多个大小岛屿、沙洲,河道宽敞,水位相对稳定,饵料丰富,鱼类相对集中,是渔业利用的重要场所[1]。钱塘江

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