人类活动影响下的区域水资源开采阈值研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 18:37

  本文关键词：人类活动影响下的区域水资源开采阈值研究　出处：《东北农业大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 水资源 人类活动 优化配置 开采阈值

【摘要】：水资源是生产生活所必需的资源,如何合理、可持续地开采水资源,让有限的水资源创造出最大的价值一直都是管理者需要迫切考虑的。本文选取黑龙江省红兴隆管理局为研究基点,从人类活动对水资源的影响作为研究突破口,探讨水资源的合理分配方案及开采阈值。首先,提取与人类活动息息相关的生活、农业与工业三方面统计数据,构建人类活动对区域水资源影响程度评价体系,应用可变模糊优选模型中相对优属度的概念建立人类活动对区域水资源影响程度指数,并以此来排名并划分等级。2012年12个农场中,人类活动对地下水影响程度最弱的是北兴农场,最强的是友谊农场,而人类活动对地表水影响程度最弱的是双鸭山农场,最强的是八五二农场。接着又将各农场近10年的影响程度指数进行对比,得出红兴隆管理局整体上人类活动对地下水影响程度逐渐加深而地表水则成减弱趋势发展。其次,运用二阶段随机规划理论来构建不确定情况下的区域多水源配水模型,通过模型求出各农场各水源的优化配置情况及生活、农业与工业三个用水部门的需水目标满足规划,并比较丰、平、枯三种水平年的需水目标满足程度。此外,分别设置不同场景以此来说明各用水部门需水量的不同对水资源优化配置的影响,得出农业用水对红兴隆管理局水资源系统的影响作用最大,灌溉用水方面若采取相应的节水措施,势必会大大缓解用水压力。最后,运用突变理论中的尖点突变模型,选取人类活动对水资源影响程度指数为状态变量,水量指标为主控制变量,经济指标为次控制变量。利用模型求解出水资源系统达到平衡状态时的地下水、地表水供应量,此供水量即为红兴隆管理局各农场水资源开采阈值。红兴隆管理局总的地下水开采阈值为30333×104m3,占地下水资源可利用量的41%,而总的地表水开采阈值为36910×104m3,占地表水资源总量的47%。
[Abstract]:Water is necessary for production and living resources, how to reasonable and sustainable exploitation of water resource, so that the limited water resources to create the greatest value is always the managers need to consider urgently. This paper selects Hong Xinglong Administration Bureau of Heilongjiang Province as the research base, from the impact of human activities on water resources as the research breakthrough point, discuss the reasonable allocation of water resources and mining threshold. Firstly, the extraction is closely related to human activities, agriculture and industry from three aspects of statistical data, construct the evaluation system of degree of impact of human activities on regional water resources, the establishment of human activity index impact on Regional Water Resources application variable relative membership degree concept of fuzzy optimization model, and in order to rank and grade.2012 in 12 farms, human activities on the impact of groundwater level is the weakest Beixing farm, is the strongest friendship farm, and people The extent of the weakest influence on surface water is a farm in Shuangyashan, the strongest is the 852 farm. Then the index farm in recent 10 years were compared to that of Hong Xinglong administration on the whole of human activities on the impact of groundwater and surface water is gradually weakening trend development. Secondly, to construct the uncertainty the area under the multi source distribution model using two stage stochastic programming theory, the model for optimal allocation of the water and the farm life, water for agricultural and industrial water target three departments meet the planning, and Feng Ping, water, dry three years of target level satisfaction. In addition, set different scenes in order to explain the effect of the water sector to different water optimal allocation of water resources, the agricultural water impact on water resources system of Hong Xinglong administration played the biggest role, If the irrigation water take water-saving measures, will greatly alleviate the pressure of water. Finally, using cusp catastrophe theory of catastrophe model, selection index of the impact of human activities on water resources as state variables, water consumption index as the control variables, economic indicators for the control variables. By solving the model of water resources system of groundwater balance when the surface water supply, the water supply for the Water Resources Management Bureau Hongxinglong farm production threshold. Hong Xinglong administration of groundwater exploitation threshold total is 30333 * 104m3, the underground water resources utilization was 41%, and the total surface water extraction threshold is 36910 * 104m3, the total amount of water resources the surface of 47%.

【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TV213.4
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本文编号：1384362