黑龙江省巴彦县耕地资源非市场价值测算研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 20:22

本文关键词：黑龙江省巴彦县耕地资源非市场价值测算研究　出处：《东北农业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：经济补偿是破解耕地保护外部效应外溢的有效途径。耕地资源非市场价值是耕地保护外部效应的核心,合理测算该部分价值对耕地保护经济补偿标准的确定具有重要的参考价值。巴彦县是全国商品粮食生产先进县之一,然而,随着经济的不断发展,耕地非农化速度过快,导致这一问题根源之一在于人们忽视耕地资源非市场价值,重新认识耕地资源所具有的非市场价值,以人们容易接受的“货币化符号”对其科学计量,将其纳入耕地资源的成本核算体系,从经济效率角度考虑耕地保护的重要性。本文以粮食主产区巴彦县为研究区,基于选择实验法和综合方法对研究区耕地资源非市场价值进行测算,基于选择实验法时,采用STATAll.0软件对问卷调查数据进行统计,分析研究区居民对耕地资源非市场价值的认知情况,应用多元Losit统计分析模型(MNL)和Mixed Logit对问卷结果比较分析、确定参数估计值,探讨研究区居民对耕地资源非市场价值的认知偏好和可能的异质性来源,并对居民零支付意愿影响因素进行分析；基于综合法时,采用客观角度分别运用替代法、影子价格等生态经济学法及当量因子法对耕地资源所具有的社会、生态外部性非市场值进行测算。进而对比分析二种方法在测算耕地资源非市场价值上的合理性。研究结果表明：(1)选择实验法中,受访居民对耕地资源非市场价值的功能有一定的认知,并认识到促进耕地保护工作的必要性和重要性。受访者中城镇居民对耕地资源非市场价值的功能认知度普遍大于农村居民；MNL模型和Mixed Logit模型中受访者都倾向于支付更少的金额而获得更大的效用。Mixed Logit模型相对MNL模型,能够揭示不同个体之间存在的选择偏好的异质性及其可能来源,且模型拟合程度更高,优于MNL模型；城乡居民对耕地资源非市场价值较为关注,其认知偏好受其教育程度、年龄、家庭人口数、需抚养的人口数、月收入变量的影响,且对支付意愿有重要影响,Mixed Logit模型城镇和农村居民平均每月每户总支付意愿(TWTP)分别为124.5099元和62.7553元。 (2)综合法测算中,耕地资源社会价值各功能价值量大小依次为就业保障功能价值粮食安全功能价值基本生活保障功能价值。耕地资源能抵御非农就业风险的功能,提供了非农业的再就业保障价值,对缓解就业压力、吸纳农村剩余劳动力等方面所起的功能价值不可低估。对维持国家粮食安全有重要作用;耕地资源生态价值中各功能价值的贡献率大小存在差异,大气调节价值的贡献率最大,其次大小分别为保持土壤价值、涵养水源价值和维持营养物质循环价值,贡献率最小的是净化大气的价值。 (3)耕地资源非市场价值巨大,在市场流通过程中,农民只获得其产品的直接市场价值,而社会、生态非市场价值未体现在农产品价值的组成上。选择实验法(CE)测算得出的单位面积均值明显偏低,但在当前经济水平下这一结果更具有可信度,该法是基于模拟真实市场通过消费者支付意愿测算资源资源非市场价值的方法,其微观适宜性更强,也不存在市场发育问题。与综合法相比,选择实验法在测算研究区耕地资源非市场价值上更为适用。巴彦县耕地资源非市场价值40209.86元／hm2,与已有研究在一个数量级上,测算结果合理,可以为研究区域耕地保护经济补偿确定提供方法上的参考。
[Abstract]:Economic compensation is an effective way to solve the external effect of spillover of cultivated land protection of cultivated land resources. The non market value of cultivated land protection is the core of the external effect, reasonable calculation have important reference value to the economic compensation standard of cultivated land protection to determine the value. Bayan county is one of the national commodity grain production counties, however, with the continuous development of the economy. Farmland conversion speed is too fast, one of the root causes of this problem is that people neglect the non market value of farmland resource, re understanding of cultivated land resources is non market value, as it is easy to accept the "currency symbol" of the scientific measurement, the cultivated land resources cost accounting system, considering the importance of cultivated land protection from the angle of economic efficiency.
This paper takes Bayan County grain producing area as the study area, choose the experimental method and comprehensive method based on cultivated land resources in the study area was calculated based on the non market value, choice experiment, statistics on the questionnaire survey data by using STATAll.0 software, analysis of the residents of non cultivated land resources cognition of market value, the application of multiple Losit statistics analysis model (MNL) and Mixed Logit comparative analysis of the results of the questionnaire, to determine the parameter estimates of the study area, residents of the cultivated land resources market value and non cognitive preference heterogeneity of possible sources, and factors of residents willingness to pay zero impact analysis; based on comprehensive method, the objective angle respectively by substitution method. The shadow price of ecological economics method and equivalent factor method with the cultivated land ecological society, external non market value estimates. Then a comparative analysis of the two methods It is reasonable to measure the non market value of cultivated land resources.
The results show that: (1) choose the experimental method, the respondents have non market value of cultivated land resource has the function of certain cognitive, and recognize the importance and necessity of promoting the protection of cultivated land. The urban residents surveyed on cultivated land resources in the market value of non functional awareness is generally greater than that of rural residents; respondents MNL model and Mixed Logit models tend to pay less amount and utility of.Mixed Logit model more than MNL model, can reveal the heterogeneity of preferences exist between different individuals and possible sources, and the model fitting degree is higher, than the MNL model; urban and rural residents of non market value of cultivated land resource is concerned, the cognitive preference the level of education, age, family size, number of dependency, effects of monthly income variables, and it has a significant influence on the willingness to pay the Mixed Logit model of town The average monthly willingness to pay per household (TWTP) for rural residents was 124.5099 yuan and 62.7553 yuan, respectively.
(2) comprehensive method of calculation, the function of the social value of cultivated land resources value order of employment security function of food security function value of the basic life safeguard function. The value of cultivated land resources can resist non-agricultural employment risk, provides non agricultural re employment security value, to alleviate the employment pressure, the function value of the absorption the rural surplus labor force and other aspects should not be underestimated. Plays an important role in maintaining national food security; differences in size of each function in the ecological value of cultivated land resources value contribution rate, the contribution rate of the value of air conditioning, then size were soil conservation value, water conservation value and maintain the value of nutrient cycling, the minimum contribution rate the purification of air value.
(3) non market value of farmland resource is huge, in the process of circulation of farmers only get direct market value of their products, and social, ecological non market value is not reflected in the composition of the value of agricultural products. The choice experiment (CE) estimates that the average per unit area is obviously low, but in the current economic level this result has more credibility, this method is to simulate the real market through consumer willingness to pay estimates of resources for non market value based on its microscopic suitability is stronger, there is no market development problem. Compared with the comprehensive method of choice experiment method in calculation of cultivated land resources in study area of non market value is more applicable.
The non market value of cultivated land resources in Bayan county is 40209.86 yuan / hm2, which is reasonable with the existing research in an order of magnitude. It can provide a reference for the study of regional cultivated land protection and economic compensation.

【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F323.211

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