基于Visual MODFLOW的尚志市水源地地下水资源预测与开采利用

发布时间：2018-01-22 12:19

本文关键词： Visual MODFLOW 地下水流数值模拟尚志市地下水资源评价　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：黑龙江省尚志市同其他北方农业地区一样，淡水资源紧缺，水体出现污染和洪涝灾害等危机，供需矛盾日益突出，直接影响当地社会稳定和经济发展。近年来，尚志市区生产生活用水一直依靠地表水和浅部地下水，由于经济发展和人口增长，城区需水量逐年增加，原有供水水源地已无法满足开采需求，供水质量也不同程度的有所下降，给供水安全带来了影响。因此，本文对尚志市东北部地区进行地下水资源评价和研究，寻找良好的的地下水源，解决当地的供水问题。本文根据尚志市供水水文地质详查资料，分析研究区的第四系地质特征、水文地质特征，建立了水文地质概念模型，对研究区进行了含水层概化、水力特征概化和边界条件的概化。根据抽水试验及地下水位动态资料，计算水文地质参数，圈定富水地段，确定水源地开采区与开采目的层，对区内地下水资源量、允许开采量进行计算，并对地下水资源进行评价。通过水质化验结果，对研究区进行生活用水评价和锅炉用水评价。本次模拟主要利用visual MODFLOW地下水流数值模拟软件，建立水文地质概念模型和数学模型，并对其进行求解，通过模型的识别和验证，校验模型建立的准确性。根据模型识别时段的地下水头计算值与实测值拟合效果良好，说明含水层结构、边界条件的概化以及水文地质参数的选取是合理的，该模型能够真实地反映当地的水文地质条件。为进一步验证模型建立的可靠性，在初始条件和边界条件不变的条件下，降水资料采用当年实测资料进行验证，结果显示模型的拟合效果良好，即该模型能够真实地反映当地的水文地质条件，可用于地下水位预测。根据用水统计结果和不同的水源地开采资源量，预测未来10年地下水流场的变化趋势，并制定不同的开采方案。分析各方案未来10年地下水位平均降速、中心降深及降落漏斗面积变化情况，，分析地下水资源开发潜力，最终确定方案二为现状条件下的最优开采方案。因此，采用方案二的开采方式在研究区建立水源地。根据地下水资源评价和地下水数值模拟预测结果，确定合理的开采方案，选定地下水开采开采靶区，对研究区地下水环境现状进行预测与评价，建立卫生防护带，提出水源地保护方案。卫生防护带的建立，防止地下水资源遭受污染，减轻了对当地生态环境的负面影响。
[Abstract]:Like other agricultural areas in northern Heilongjiang Province, Shangzhi City of Heilongjiang Province is short of fresh water resources, water pollution and flood disasters, and the contradiction between supply and demand is becoming more and more prominent, which directly affects local social stability and economic development in recent years. The production and living water in Shangzhi city has always depended on surface water and shallow groundwater. Due to the economic development and population growth, the urban water demand has increased year by year, and the original water supply source can not meet the demand of mining. The quality of water supply has also decreased to some extent, which has had an impact on the safety of water supply. Therefore, this paper evaluates and studies the groundwater resources in the northeast of Shangzhi City to find a good groundwater source. Solve the problem of local water supply. Based on the detailed investigation data of water supply hydrogeology in Shangzhi city, this paper analyzes the Quaternary geological characteristics and hydrogeological characteristics of the study area, establishes a hydrogeological conceptual model, and generalizes the aquifer in the study area. Based on pumping test and dynamic data of groundwater level, hydrogeological parameters are calculated, water-rich section is delineated, and mining area and target layer of water source are determined. The quantity of groundwater resources in the study area is calculated, and the groundwater resources are evaluated. Based on the results of water quality tests, the evaluation of domestic water and boiler water is carried out in the study area. This simulation mainly uses the visual MODFLOW groundwater numerical simulation software, establishes the hydrogeological concept model and the mathematical model, and carries on the solution to them, through the model identification and the confirmation. The accuracy of establishing the model is verified. According to the model identification period, the calculated value of groundwater head is fitted well with the measured value, which shows that the aquifer structure, the generalization of boundary conditions and the selection of hydrogeological parameters are reasonable. The model can truly reflect the local hydrogeological conditions. In order to further verify the reliability of the model, the precipitation data are verified by the measured data in the same year under the condition of invariant initial and boundary conditions. The results show that the model fits well, that is, the model can truly reflect the local hydrogeological conditions and can be used for groundwater level prediction. The change trend of groundwater flow field in the next 10 years is forecasted, and different mining schemes are worked out. The variation of average velocity of groundwater level, the depth of center and the area of falling funnel in the next 10 years are analyzed. Based on the analysis of the potential of groundwater resources exploitation, it is determined that the second scheme is the optimal exploitation plan under the condition of present situation. Therefore, the exploitation mode of scheme two is adopted to establish the water source area in the study area. According to the results of groundwater resources evaluation and groundwater numerical simulation, the reasonable exploitation plan is determined, and the target area of groundwater exploitation is selected to predict and evaluate the present situation of groundwater environment in the study area. The establishment of sanitary protection belt can prevent groundwater resources from being polluted and reduce the negative impact on local ecological environment.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P641.8

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