黄河流域典型区域目标ET计算及水资源调配方案评估

发布时间：2018-01-26 10:07

本文关键词： 蒸散发水资源节水黄河流域目标蒸散发方案评估分布式水文模型鄂尔多斯　出处：《农业工程学报》2014年23期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为了解决在黄河流域基于径流-蒸散发(runoff-evapotranspiration,R-ET)的水资源管理模式中,区域目标蒸散发(evapotranspiration,ET)的合理确定问题,该文先梳理了目标ET的计算步骤,确定了各分项ET的计算方法,建立了目标ET的评估指标体系,通过研究实例进行验证。目标ET具体的计算步骤和方法为:第一步,根据当地的水资源情况制定方案集;第二步,针对不同的分项目标ET,分别采用分布式水文模型、遥感估算模型及用水定额法等方法进行计算;第三步,通过计算各方案的评估指标体系,进行可持续性、公平性和高效性的评估,确定最优方案。以黄河流域鄂尔多斯地区为研究实例,制定了5个计算方案,经过计算方案1为现状用水方案,目标ET值为468.79 mm;方案2为扩大引黄水方案,目标ET为450.89 mm;方案3为压采地下水方案,目标ET为432.95 mm;方案4为减少引黄水方案,目标ET为406.11 mm;方案5为节水方案,其目标ET为383.27 mm。通过综合评估可知方案5为最优方案。通过实例验证认为,该方法对于区域目标ET的确定是一种适用的、较准确的方法,也会为下一步黄河流域实施基于R-ET的水资源管理模式提供数据基础和技术支撑。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem in the water resources management model based on runoff-evaporation spirations in the Yellow River basin. The reasonable determination of regional target evapotranspiration et is discussed in this paper. Firstly, the calculation steps of target et are combed, and the calculation methods of each item et are determined. The evaluation index system of the target et is established and verified by a case study. The concrete calculation steps and methods of the target et are as follows: the first step is to make the project set according to the local water resources situation; In the second step, the distributed hydrological model, remote sensing estimation model and water quota method are used to calculate the ETs of different sub-targets. The third step, through the calculation of the evaluation index system of each scheme, sustainability, fairness and efficiency evaluation, determine the optimal scheme. Take the Yellow River Basin Ordos area as an example. Five calculation schemes have been developed. The first one is the current water use scheme, and the target value of et is 468.79 mm. The second scheme is to expand the Yellow River diversion scheme, and the target et is 450.89 mm; The third scheme is pressure extraction of groundwater, the target et is 432.95 mm; Scheme 4 is to reduce the diversion of water, and the target et is 406.11 mm; Scheme 5 is a water saving scheme, and its target et is 383.27 mm. through comprehensive evaluation, it can be known that scheme 5 is the best scheme. This method is a suitable and accurate method for the determination of regional target et. It will also provide data basis and technical support for the implementation of R-ET-based water resources management model in the Yellow River basin in the next step.
【作者单位】：黄河水利职业技术学院小流域水利研究中心;清华大学水利系;黄河水利科学研究院水资源研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金-河南省人才培养联合基金项目:河流洪水资源利用的生态补偿机理及风险消纳阈值研究(U1304503) 国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)资助项目:植被对产流机制胁迫作用研究(2011CB403303)
【分类号】：TV213.4
【正文快照】： 冯峰,董国涛,张文鸽.黄河流域典型区域目标ET计算及水资源调配方案评估[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(23):101-111.Feng Feng,Dong Guotao,Zhang Wenge.Calculation of area target evapotranspiration in yellow river basin andevaluation of water resource allocation[J].Tran

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