基于张网渔业休渔前后的黄茅海河口渔业资源群落比较

发布时间：2018-01-29 08:53

本文关键词： 张网渔业资源群落结构 ABC曲线生物量谱黄茅海河口　出处：《南方水产科学》2016年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：根据2015年休渔前后(春季和夏季)利用张网在黄茅海河口获得的渔业资源调查资料,应用数量生物量比较曲线和生物量谱方法分析了其渔业资源群落状况。结果显示,调查共捕获渔获56种,其中鱼类47种,隶属于12目27科38属;甲壳类9种,隶属于2目5科7属。休渔前(春季)渔获种类大于休渔后(夏季),春季优势种为凤鲚(Coilia mystus)、红狼牙■虎鱼(Odontamblyopus rubicundus)和脊尾白虾(Exopalaemon carinicauda);夏季优势种为凤鲚、康氏小公鱼(Anchoviella commersonii)和红狼牙■虎鱼。春季渔业资源群落的数量优势度曲线与生物量优势度曲线相交,群落处于中度干扰状态;夏季其数量优势度曲线高于生物量优势度曲线,群落处于严重干扰状态。春夏两季数量生物量比较曲线(ABC曲线)中生物量和丰度的相对关系统计量W分别为-0.015和-0.046。从渔业资源群落的生物量谱来看,春季标准化生物量谱线性回归的斜率大于-1,生物量随着个体体质量的增加而增加;夏季其线性回归的斜率小于-1,生物量随着个体体质量的增加而减少。捕捞能够影响生物量谱,生物量谱斜率下降反映了休渔在过度捕捞下并没有达到预期效果。建议加大管理力度,增加捕捞限制条件。
[Abstract]:According to the survey data of fishery resources before and after 2015 (spring and summer) obtained by using Zhang net in the mouth of Huangmaohai. The quantitative biomass comparison curve and biomass spectrum method were used to analyze the status of fishery resources community. The results showed that 56 species of fish were caught, including 47 species of fish, belonging to 12 orders, 27 families and 38 genera. There are 9 species of crustaceans belonging to 2 orders, 5 families, 7 genera. The species caught before (spring) is larger than that after (summer) (Coilia mystusus is the dominant species in spring). Odontamblyopus rubicundus and Exopalaemon Carinicauda; The dominant species in summer is Coilia ecchymus. Anchoviella commercisonii (Anchoviella Comarsonii) and Arguerus sinensis. The numerical dominance curve of fishery resources community intersected with the biomass dominance curve in spring. The community is in a medium disturbance state; The numerical dominance curve was higher than the biomass dominance curve in summer. The community is in a serious disturbance state. The quantitative biomass comparison curve of spring and summer is ABC curve. The relative relation statistics W of medium biomass and abundance were -0.015 and -0.046, respectively. The slope of the linear regression of standardized biomass spectrum in spring was greater than -1, and the biomass increased with the increase of individual body mass. In summer, the slope of linear regression is less than -1, and the biomass decreases with the increase of individual body mass. Fishing can affect the biomass spectrum. The decline of the biomass spectral slope reflects that the fishing moratorium has not achieved the expected effect under overfishing. It is suggested that the management should be strengthened and the fishing restriction conditions should be increased.
【作者单位】：中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室;
【基金】：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201203018) 中国科学院热带海洋生物资源与生态重点实验室开放基金(LMB141004)
【分类号】：S932
【正文快照】： 近岸水域由于其独特的地理位置及水环境特征,是海洋与陆地相互作用和海洋生物多样性保护研究的重要水域[1]。近年来,由于人类活动和海洋环境变化等,直接导致了近岸水域渔业资源的衰退,优质鱼比例下降,低质鱼成了主要捕捞对象,以及个体减小、性成熟提前等[2]。因此,人类干扰对

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