政府主导、市场分割与资源诅咒——中国自然资源禀赋对经济增长作用研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 16:48

本文选题：政府主导　切入点：市场分割　出处：《中国人口.资源与环境》2014年09期

【摘要】：资源诅咒现象形成的主要机制是,优良的自然资源禀赋通过降低市场制度效率、扭曲经济正常结构和提升市场信息成本三个渠道降低经济系统的投入-产出效率,最终影响长期经济发展水平。这三个机制顺利实现的前提条件是市场行为支配着资源流动结构,而这一条件在我国仍需要检验,政府主导是我国经济增长中的显著特征,因此资源禀赋影响经济增长的性质需要在考虑政府作用条件下进行解释。地方政府影响经济具有严格的区域性,因此资源诅咒性质的区域内外是否一致是政府主导经济是否显著的重要表现,基于此本文区分行政区域和经济区域,利用劳动生产率和资源禀赋之间的统计关系来判定我国"资源诅咒"的存在性及其性质,并从经济制度角度对其进行解释。首先,利用Malmquist指数方法对我国2000-2010年省际经济增长的经济效率分解并作为经济增长的质量指标,同时为避免变量的"内生性问题"而采用采矿业就业人数占总人口比例度量各省的资源丰裕度。控制经济区位后的计量回归结果表明:各省份自然资源对各种经济效率均有正向作用,但是各省份相邻区域的自然资源禀赋对于具体省份经济效率并无影响,经济区位对于各省份技术进步和整体经济效率的影响显著,但对于各省份技术使用效率并不存在显著影响,各省份自身制度效率受资源丰裕度、相邻地区资源丰裕度、经济区位的影响不显著。制度分析表明:政府主导和区域市场分割构成我国经济增长体制环境的典型特征,这种体制中地方政府的效率是决定区域经济增长效率的重要因素。在这种制度环境中,自然资源通过影响地方政府对经济干预力度来影响经济增长效率形成"资源福祉"现象,并且由于地方政府主导经济的区域性和政府之间经济角色的竞争关系性质,这种"资源福祉"被严格限定在行政区域内。
[Abstract]:The main mechanism of the phenomenon of resource curse is that the excellent natural resource endowment reduces the input-output efficiency of the economic system by reducing the efficiency of the market system, distorting the normal structure of the economy and increasing the cost of market information.Ultimately affect the level of long-term economic development.The precondition for the smooth realization of these three mechanisms is that market behavior dominates the structure of resource flow, and this condition still needs to be tested in our country.Therefore, the nature of resource endowment affecting economic growth needs to be explained under the consideration of the role of government.The local government has a strict regional influence on the economy. Therefore, whether the nature of resource curse is consistent within or outside the region is an important manifestation of whether the government dominates the economy. Based on this, this paper distinguishes the administrative region from the economic region.Based on the statistical relationship between labor productivity and resource endowment, the existence and nature of "resource curse" in China are determined and explained from the angle of economic system.Firstly, using Malmquist index method to decompose the economic efficiency of inter-provincial economic growth in China from 2000 to 2010 and take it as the quality index of economic growth.At the same time, in order to avoid the "endogenous problem" of variables, the ratio of mining employment to total population is used to measure the abundance of resources in each province.The results of econometric regression after controlling the economic zone show that the natural resources of each province have positive effects on all kinds of economic efficiency, but the natural resource endowment of the adjacent regions of each province has no effect on the economic efficiency of the specific province.The economic zone has a significant impact on the technological progress and the overall economic efficiency of the provinces, but it has no significant impact on the technical efficiency of the provinces. The institutional efficiency of each province is affected by the abundance of resources and the abundance of resources in adjacent regions.The influence of economic zone is not significant.The institutional analysis shows that the government leading and regional market segmentation constitute the typical characteristics of our country's economic growth system environment, in which the efficiency of local government is the important factor to determine the efficiency of regional economic growth.In this institutional environment, natural resources influence the efficiency of economic growth by influencing the degree of local government intervention in the economy.Moreover, due to the competitive nature of the regional and economic roles between the local government and the government, this "resource welfare" is strictly confined to the administrative region.
【作者单位】：西南大学经济管理学院;重庆工商大学经济学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“四化同步框架下劳动力转移与农业现代化协调机制及政策研究”(编号:13BGL097) 教育部人文社科青年基金项目“人口红利、老龄化与包容性增长——经济发展方式转变中的人口机制研究”(编号:12YJC790009)
【分类号】：F124.1;F124.5;D630

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