深圳鹅公湾水域渔业资源季节变动分析

发布时间：2018-04-26 02:39

本文选题：渔业资源 + 季节变动　；参考：《南方农业学报》2017年06期

【摘要】：【目的】阐明深圳鹅公湾水域渔业资源的季节变动及其形成原因,为南海近海典型渔业水域渔业资源的可持续利用和管理提供科学依据。【方法】分别于2012年8月(秋季)和12月(冬季)、2013年3月(春季)和5月(夏季)4个季节在深圳鹅公湾水域进行渔业资源拖网调查,对该水域的游泳生物种类组成、资源密度、优势种组成、长度谱和生物多样性进行季节变动分析。【结果】从深圳鹅公湾水域共渔获游泳生物113种,隶属于3纲14目50科78属。其中,夏季游泳生物种类数量最多(61种),秋季最少(53种),春季和冬季均为56种。夏季游泳生物资源密度和尾数密度最低(分别为5959.20 kg/km~2和356.45 ind/km~2),但其鱼类所占比例最高(分别为51.99%和42.19%)。游泳生物长度谱的季节变动表明夏季捕捞强度最小,秋季捕捞强度最大。鹅公湾水域生物多样性指数季节变动明显,Margalef丰富度指数(D')、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H')和Pielou均匀度指数(J')的季节变动趋势一致,均表现为夏季春季秋季冬季。【结论】深圳鹅公湾水域游泳生物资源种类、生物量和结构季节变动明显,夏季生物群落结构和功能稳定性高,而秋季和冬季生物群落结构和功能稳定性差,主要是由于捕捞强度季节差异(夏季捕捞强度低,秋季捕捞强度高)所致。尤其随着秋季捕捞强度的增大,k选择种类将被r选择种类代替。
[Abstract]:[objective] to elucidate the seasonal variation of fishery resources in Gegong Bay, Shenzhen, and the reasons for their formation. To provide scientific basis for the sustainable use and management of fishery resources in typical offshore fishery waters of the South China Sea. [methods] four seasons were observed in August (autumn) and December (winter), March (spring) and May (summer), respectively. Carrying out a fishing resource trawl survey in the waters of Gegong Bay, Shenzhen, The species composition, resource density, dominant species composition, length spectrum and biodiversity of swimming organisms were analyzed in this water area. [results] 113 species of swimming organisms were caught from the waters of Gegong Bay, Shenzhen, belonging to 3 classes, 14 orders, 50 families, 78 genera. Among them, there are 61 species of swimming species in summer, 53 species in autumn, 56 species in spring and winter. The density and Mantissa density of swimming biological resources in summer were the lowest (5959.20 kg/km~2 and 356.45 / indkm2) respectively, but the proportion of fish was the highest (51.99% and 42.19%, respectively). The seasonal variation of swimming biological length spectrum showed that the fishing intensity was the lowest in summer and the highest in autumn. The seasonal variation of the biodiversity index in Gegong Bay is obvious. The seasonal variation trend of the Margalef richness index and the Pielou evenness index are the same. [conclusion] the species of swimming biological resources, the seasonal variation of biomass and structure, and the stability of the structure and function of the biota in summer were obvious in the waters of Gegong Bay, Shenzhen. However, the structure and functional stability of biota in autumn and winter were poor, mainly due to the seasonal differences in fishing intensity (low fishing intensity in summer and high fishing intensity in autumn). Especially, with the increase of fishing intensity in autumn, the selected species will be replaced by r selection.
【作者单位】：中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/农业部南海渔业资源环境科学观测实验站/广东省渔业生态环境重点开放实验室/中国水产科学研究院海洋牧场技术重点实验室;上海海洋大学海洋科学学院;
【基金】：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD18B01) 深圳市科技计划项目(JSGG20141015154342147,JCYJ20160331141759795) 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(2015TS05)
【分类号】：S931.1

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