长江下游浅水湖泊石臼湖鱼类资源现状及变化趋势
发布时间：2018-11-17 06:28
【摘要】：根据2012-2013年对石臼湖水质和鱼类资源开展的2次调查数据,研究石臼湖水质、鱼类资源现状及演变趋势。采用水质单因子评价方法、营养状态质量指数,结合经济合作与发展OECO富营养湖泊判断标准,研究石臼湖、姑溪河、塘沟河、清水河的水质和富营养化状况;通过商业捕捞的渔获物调查,收集石臼湖和姑溪河鱼类资源数据,分析河网区鱼类种类组成、渔获物结构等渔业资源现状。结果表明,石臼湖及毗邻水域存在一定程度的水污染,且湖区受水量变化影响低于河流区,总体水质状况符合地表水环境质量Ⅲ~Ⅳ类,为富营养状态。石臼湖分布鱼类110种,2012-2013年共调查到54种;其中,石臼湖38种,固城湖33种,姑溪河51种。石臼湖、固城湖和姑溪河主要经济鱼类(数量和重量均超过1%的种类)分别有13、11和9种。石臼湖鱼类主要以鲤[Cyprinus(Cyprinus)carpio]、鲫(Carassius auratus)、鲇(Silurus asotus)等适应静、缓流生境的鱼类为主,并以kz又鱼(Hemiculter leucisculus)、鲫、棒花鱼(Abbotina rivularis)等小型鱼类或小规格个体鱼类(1 000 g)为主;湖区天然渔业资源呈衰退趋势,由于和长江下游干流相通,姑溪河鱼类种类数高于湖区,但其生物量远低于湖区;渔业资源的分布状况与水质状况无明显相关性,与河湖的连通性有关;受枯水期水量偏少、上游和周边来水污染以及高密度水产养殖的影响,石臼湖水质出现氮、磷和有机污染物超标等问题。宜采取源头控污、限制养殖、渔民转产以及人工增殖等措施,保护石臼湖水质,恢复天然渔业资源。
[Abstract]:Based on the data of two surveys on water quality and fish resources of Shijihu Lake in 2012-2013, the water quality, the present situation and the evolution trend of fish resources in Shijihu Lake were studied. The water quality and eutrophication status of Shijuhu Lake, Guxi River, Tanggou River and Qingshui River were studied by using the single factor evaluation method of water quality, the quality index of nutrition state, and the criteria of economic cooperation and development of OECO eutrophic lakes. The fish resources data of Shijihu Lake and Guxi River were collected through the catch survey of commercial fishing, and the fish species composition and catch structure in the river net area were analyzed. The results show that water pollution exists in Shijiu Lake and its adjacent waters to a certain extent, and the total water quality of the lake region is lower than that of the river area, and the overall water quality is in line with the surface water environmental quality type 鈪，
本文编号：2336747
[Abstract]:Based on the data of two surveys on water quality and fish resources of Shijihu Lake in 2012-2013, the water quality, the present situation and the evolution trend of fish resources in Shijihu Lake were studied. The water quality and eutrophication status of Shijuhu Lake, Guxi River, Tanggou River and Qingshui River were studied by using the single factor evaluation method of water quality, the quality index of nutrition state, and the criteria of economic cooperation and development of OECO eutrophic lakes. The fish resources data of Shijihu Lake and Guxi River were collected through the catch survey of commercial fishing, and the fish species composition and catch structure in the river net area were analyzed. The results show that water pollution exists in Shijiu Lake and its adjacent waters to a certain extent, and the total water quality of the lake region is lower than that of the river area, and the overall water quality is in line with the surface water environmental quality type 鈪，
本文编号：2336747
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