近30年中国农业气候资源分布及其变化趋势分析

发布时间：2018-12-12 01:27

【摘要】：研究结合20世纪全球气候变暖特征,主要选取20世纪80年代以来全球变暖加剧的30年作为研究时段,利用其中536个地面气象站点逐日气象资料,分析中国近30年农业气候资源变化的总体特征,为合理利用农业气候资源、应对气候变化、制定相应耕作措施和种植制度提供宏观建议。结果表明:气候变化背景下,我国热量资源随时间呈现出显著上升趋势,空间上由东南向东北、西北逐渐减少;其中,无霜期由东南向西北逐渐缩短;东北、中南大部、西北局部地区水分资源随时间呈减少趋势,其中,降水量由东南沿海向西北内陆逐渐减少,参考作物蒸散呈现出南部及西北内陆偏多的趋势,水分从东南向西北总体呈现出由盈余到亏缺的分布规律;光能资源呈现出由西南中部向四周逐渐增加的趋势,且向西北内陆地区增加尤为明显。
[Abstract]:Based on the characteristics of global warming in the 20th century, the study mainly selects the 30 years of global warming intensified since 1980s as the research period, and makes use of the daily meteorological data of 536 surface meteorological stations. This paper analyzes the general characteristics of the change of agricultural climate resources in China in the past 30 years, and provides macroscopic suggestions for rational utilization of agricultural climate resources, coping with climate change, and making corresponding farming measures and planting systems. The results show that under the background of climate change, the heat resources in China show a significant upward trend with time, and gradually decrease from southeast to northeast and northwest, and the frost-free period gradually shortens from southeast to northwest. The water resources in the northeast, central and southern parts of China and parts of the northwest showed a decreasing trend with time. Among them, the precipitation gradually decreased from the southeast coast to the inland of the northwest, and the crop evapotranspiration showed a trend of more in the south and the inland of the northwest. The distribution of water from the southeast to the northwest is from surplus to deficit; The light energy resources increased gradually from the middle of the southwest to the surrounding areas, especially to the inland areas of the northwest.
【作者单位】：南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室/气候与环境变化国际合作联合实验室/气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心/江苏省农业气象重点实验室/南京信息工程大学应用气象学院;山东聊城市气象局;河南省人工影响天气领导小组办公室;
【分类号】：S162.3

【相似文献】