金沙江一期工程对保护区圆口铜鱼早期资源补充的影响
发布时间：2019-01-01 17:56
【摘要】：2008、2010-2013年在金沙江下游水富/宜宾断面进行了鱼类早期资源调查,研究金沙江一期工程对长江上游珍稀特有鱼类国家级自然保护区圆口铜鱼早期资源补充的影响。共采获圆口铜鱼卵苗6 190粒(尾),其中鱼卵74粒、鱼苗6 116尾;2013年向家坝水电站蓄水后在水富/宜宾断面未采集到圆口铜鱼卵、苗。各年圆口铜鱼卵苗江汛期和最大日径流量分别为:2008年6月12日-7月2日、3.79×107粒(尾),2010年6月22日-7月10日、3.47×107粒(尾);2011年6月23日-7月4日、9.58×107粒(尾);2012年6月24日-7月13日、1.22×107粒(尾)。圆口铜鱼卵苗江汛与金沙江下游的水文流量持续增长相关,卵苗日径流量高峰值与洪峰过程较一致,最大日径流量基本先于最大水文流量前出现。圆口铜鱼繁殖盛期在6月中旬-7月上旬较短时间内(2~3周)。2008年向家坝水电站截流前长江上游珍稀特有鱼类国家级自然保护区的圆口铜鱼早期资源补充量为2.12亿粒(尾);2010-2012年导流施工期间早期资源补充量分别为1.65亿、1.61亿、0.82亿粒(尾),呈下降趋势;2013年无早期资源补充。溪洛渡、向家坝2个梯级大坝一定程度上阻隔了圆口铜鱼卵苗向下游漂流的途径。要合理制定水电梯级调度方案,促进或引起圆口铜鱼自然繁殖过程,并降低圆口铜鱼卵苗在库区的死亡率;加强圆口铜鱼现有栖息地保护,严格控制或禁止在产卵场捕捞亲鱼;开展圆口铜鱼在梯级大坝上下游间群体交流连通性的可能性研究和圆口铜鱼全人工繁殖技术研究。
[Abstract]:An early fish resource survey was carried out in the Shuifu / Yibin section of the lower reaches of Jinsha River from 2008 to 2013 to study the effect of the first phase of the Jinsha River project on the early replenishment of copper fish in Yuankou National Nature Reserve of rare and endemic Fish in the Upper reaches of the Yangtze River. A total of 6,190 cupreous eggs (tails) were harvested, of which 74 were fish eggs and 6,116 were fish fry, and no round copper eggs were collected at the Shuifu / Yibin section of Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station in 2013. The flood season and maximum daily runoff of copper eggs in each year were: 12 June-2 July 2008, 3.79 脳 107 grains (tail), 22 June-10 July 2010, 3.47 脳 107 grains (tail); From 23 June to 4 July 2011, 9.58 脳 107 grains (tail) and from 24 June to 13 July 2012, 1.22 脳 107 grains (tail). The flood of copper fish eggs in the Miao River is related to the continuous increase of the hydrological discharge in the lower reaches of Jinsha River. The high peak daily runoff of the eggs is consistent with Hong Feng's process, and the maximum daily runoff appears before the maximum hydrological discharge. The breeding period of Yuankou copper fish is from mid-June to early July in a relatively short period (2 ~ 3 weeks). Before the closure of Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station in 2008, the early replenishment of copper fish resources in the National Nature Reserve of rare and endemic Fish in the Upper reaches of the Yangtze River was as follows. 212 million (tail); During the diversion construction period from 2010 to 2012, the early resource replenishment was 165 million, 161 million, and 82 million respectively, showing a downward trend; there was no early resource replenishment in 2013. Xiluodu, Xiangjiaba two cascade dams to some extent blocked the circular mouth of copper fish eggs to the downstream drift path. In order to promote or cause the natural reproduction of copper fish, and to reduce the mortality rate of the fish eggs in the reservoir area, to strengthen the protection of the existing habitat of the fish, and to strictly control or prohibit the fishing of parent fish in the spawning field. The possibility of communication connectivity between the upper and lower reaches of the cascade dam and the whole artificial breeding technology of the fish were studied.
【作者单位】： 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室;
【基金】：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAC06B01) 中国长江三峡集团公司项目(0382013,0799527,0714097)
【分类号】：S931.1
[Abstract]:An early fish resource survey was carried out in the Shuifu / Yibin section of the lower reaches of Jinsha River from 2008 to 2013 to study the effect of the first phase of the Jinsha River project on the early replenishment of copper fish in Yuankou National Nature Reserve of rare and endemic Fish in the Upper reaches of the Yangtze River. A total of 6,190 cupreous eggs (tails) were harvested, of which 74 were fish eggs and 6,116 were fish fry, and no round copper eggs were collected at the Shuifu / Yibin section of Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station in 2013. The flood season and maximum daily runoff of copper eggs in each year were: 12 June-2 July 2008, 3.79 脳 107 grains (tail), 22 June-10 July 2010, 3.47 脳 107 grains (tail); From 23 June to 4 July 2011, 9.58 脳 107 grains (tail) and from 24 June to 13 July 2012, 1.22 脳 107 grains (tail). The flood of copper fish eggs in the Miao River is related to the continuous increase of the hydrological discharge in the lower reaches of Jinsha River. The high peak daily runoff of the eggs is consistent with Hong Feng's process, and the maximum daily runoff appears before the maximum hydrological discharge. The breeding period of Yuankou copper fish is from mid-June to early July in a relatively short period (2 ~ 3 weeks). Before the closure of Xiangjiaba Hydropower Station in 2008, the early replenishment of copper fish resources in the National Nature Reserve of rare and endemic Fish in the Upper reaches of the Yangtze River was as follows. 212 million (tail); During the diversion construction period from 2010 to 2012, the early resource replenishment was 165 million, 161 million, and 82 million respectively, showing a downward trend; there was no early resource replenishment in 2013. Xiluodu, Xiangjiaba two cascade dams to some extent blocked the circular mouth of copper fish eggs to the downstream drift path. In order to promote or cause the natural reproduction of copper fish, and to reduce the mortality rate of the fish eggs in the reservoir area, to strengthen the protection of the existing habitat of the fish, and to strictly control or prohibit the fishing of parent fish in the spawning field. The possibility of communication connectivity between the upper and lower reaches of the cascade dam and the whole artificial breeding technology of the fish were studied.
【作者单位】： 水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所 水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室;
【基金】：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAC06B01) 中国长江三峡集团公司项目(0382013,0799527,0714097)
【分类号】：S931.1
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