自然资源调控法律问题研究
发布时间：2019-04-18 12:26
【摘要】：自然资源是人类生存、经济发展不可或缺的物质基础,丰富的自然资源支撑着世界工业化的飞速发展。但是,人类粗放式的掠夺对资源造成巨大浪费,资源开发与经济发展间的矛盾日益突出。由此,有效运用国家有形的手介入自然资源市场,利用自然资源调控法来协调自然资源与经济发展之间的关系十分必要。本论文共分四个部分:第一部分从自然资源稀缺性加剧的问题出发,探讨自然资源调控的必要性、可行性以及重要性。第二部分着重自然资源调控经济法理论与实证分析。在基础理论方面,界定自然资源调控的范畴,剖析自然资源调控与经济法的连接点在于宏观调控,并且讨论自然资源调控相较于现有宏观调控方式的独立性。在法制实践方面,梳理了我国现有法律法规中关于调控自然资源的规定,总结现有宏观调控方式的规律与不足。在实证分析方面,通过分析土地政策参与宏观调控、南水北调、山西右玉植树造林、稀土出口案等典型案例,探讨了我国自然资源调控实践的得失。第三部分着眼于域外经验教训的习得。按照发达国家、发展中国家以及典型的资源型国家进行分类,分别阐述了具有代表性的资源储备、节能、资源替代、发展新能源、权利金、资源再生、资源税费以及参与全球资源经济治理等制度,通过分析发现,如果从可持续发展角度理解,所有经济管理方式的目的都归结于自然资源对经济发展提供持续动力。第四部分提出我国自然资源调控的实现路径,对自然资源调控方式进行了一般调控与特殊调控的制度设计,阐释自然资源调控决策制定科学化、政策调整动态化、政府权力适度化的程序机制,最后强调自然资源调控立法、执法、守法之法治保障。本文主要运用的研究方法有:1、规范分析法。其一,界定自然资源调控涵义及内容,明晰论文的研究范畴;其二,梳理总结我国现有相关法律法规。2、实证分析法。一方面,搜集我国及域外资源的储量、消耗量、进出口量等数据,讨论自然资源调控的必要性,并且从数据反映各国自然资源调控政策;另一方面,引用研究我国自然资源调控典型案例,分析自然资源调控的实践得失。3、经济分析法,借用成本-收益分析法等经济学的相关原理阐释市场经济及自然资源调控制度的制定和实施。4、比较分析法,通过域外典型自然资源调控制度的比较,借鉴其有效经验,并结合我国现状实现本土化。本文认为,我国的自然资源调控应按照资源稀缺程度分别在一般路径和特殊方式上不断完善,形成覆盖自然资源及其相关产业各环节的宏观调控体系机制。并且,应强化自然资源调控的程序规则,规范调控行为,防止"政府失灵",保障调控的科学、动态、适度。形成立法、执法、守法全方位的自然资源调控法治格局,让绿水青山保障金山银山。
[Abstract]:Natural resources are the indispensable material basis for human survival and economic development. Rich natural resources support the rapid development of world industrialization. However, extensive human plunder has caused huge waste of resources, and the contradiction between resource development and economic development is increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is necessary to make effective use of the visible hands of the state to intervene in the natural resources market and to coordinate the relationship between natural resources and economic development by means of natural resources regulation and control. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part discusses the necessity, feasibility and importance of natural resources regulation and control from the point of view of the aggravation of the scarcity of natural resources. The second part focuses on the theory and empirical analysis of natural resources regulation and economic law. In the aspect of basic theory, this paper defines the category of natural resource regulation, analyzes that the connection between natural resource regulation and economic law lies in macro-control, and discusses the independence of natural resource regulation compared with the existing macro-control mode. In the aspect of legal practice, this paper combs the regulation of regulation and control of natural resources in the existing laws and regulations of our country, and sums up the law and deficiency of the existing macro-control methods. In the aspect of empirical analysis, through analyzing the typical cases of land policy participating in macro-control, South-to-North Water transfer, Shanxi right jade afforestation, rare earth export case and so on, this paper discusses the gain and loss of China's natural resources regulation and control practice. The third part focuses on the acquisition of extraterritorial experiences and lessons. According to the classification of developed countries, developing countries and typical resource-based countries, the representative resource reserves, energy conservation, resource substitution, the development of new energy sources, rights grants, and resource regeneration are described respectively. From the perspective of sustainable development, the purpose of all economic management methods can be attributed to the sustained impetus of natural resources to economic development through the analysis of the system of resource taxes and fees and participation in global resource economic governance. The fourth part puts forward the realization path of natural resources control in our country, designs the system of general regulation and special regulation of natural resources control mode, explains the scientific decision-making of natural resources control and the dynamic adjustment of policy. The procedure mechanism of government power moderation, finally emphasizes the legislation of natural resources control, law enforcement, law-abiding law guarantee. The main research methods used in this paper are as follows: 1. Normative analysis method. First, define the meaning and content of natural resources regulation and control, clarify the research scope of the paper; second, comb and summarize the existing laws and regulations of our country. 2, empirical analysis. On the one hand, we collect the data of reserves, consumption, import and export of our country and extraterritorial resources, discuss the necessity of natural resources regulation and control, and reflect the natural resources control policies of various countries from the data; On the other hand, referring to the typical cases of natural resources regulation in China, this paper analyzes the practical gains and losses of natural resources regulation. 3, the economic analysis method. This paper expounds the formulation and implementation of market economy and natural resources regulation system by means of cost-benefit analysis and other relevant principles of economics. 4. Comparative analysis method, through the comparison of typical extraterritorial natural resources regulation system, draws lessons from its effective experience. And combine the present situation of our country to realize localization. In this paper, the author thinks that the natural resources regulation and control in China should be perfected in general path and special way respectively according to the degree of scarcity of resources, so as to form a macro-control system mechanism covering various links of natural resources and their related industries. In addition, we should strengthen the procedure rules of natural resources control, standardize the regulation behavior, prevent the "government failure", and guarantee the scientific, dynamic and moderate regulation and control. Form legislation, law enforcement, law-abiding all-round natural resources control rule of law pattern, let green waters and green mountains to protect Jinshan Yinshan.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.6
本文编号：2460040
[Abstract]:Natural resources are the indispensable material basis for human survival and economic development. Rich natural resources support the rapid development of world industrialization. However, extensive human plunder has caused huge waste of resources, and the contradiction between resource development and economic development is increasingly prominent. Therefore, it is necessary to make effective use of the visible hands of the state to intervene in the natural resources market and to coordinate the relationship between natural resources and economic development by means of natural resources regulation and control. This paper is divided into four parts: the first part discusses the necessity, feasibility and importance of natural resources regulation and control from the point of view of the aggravation of the scarcity of natural resources. The second part focuses on the theory and empirical analysis of natural resources regulation and economic law. In the aspect of basic theory, this paper defines the category of natural resource regulation, analyzes that the connection between natural resource regulation and economic law lies in macro-control, and discusses the independence of natural resource regulation compared with the existing macro-control mode. In the aspect of legal practice, this paper combs the regulation of regulation and control of natural resources in the existing laws and regulations of our country, and sums up the law and deficiency of the existing macro-control methods. In the aspect of empirical analysis, through analyzing the typical cases of land policy participating in macro-control, South-to-North Water transfer, Shanxi right jade afforestation, rare earth export case and so on, this paper discusses the gain and loss of China's natural resources regulation and control practice. The third part focuses on the acquisition of extraterritorial experiences and lessons. According to the classification of developed countries, developing countries and typical resource-based countries, the representative resource reserves, energy conservation, resource substitution, the development of new energy sources, rights grants, and resource regeneration are described respectively. From the perspective of sustainable development, the purpose of all economic management methods can be attributed to the sustained impetus of natural resources to economic development through the analysis of the system of resource taxes and fees and participation in global resource economic governance. The fourth part puts forward the realization path of natural resources control in our country, designs the system of general regulation and special regulation of natural resources control mode, explains the scientific decision-making of natural resources control and the dynamic adjustment of policy. The procedure mechanism of government power moderation, finally emphasizes the legislation of natural resources control, law enforcement, law-abiding law guarantee. The main research methods used in this paper are as follows: 1. Normative analysis method. First, define the meaning and content of natural resources regulation and control, clarify the research scope of the paper; second, comb and summarize the existing laws and regulations of our country. 2, empirical analysis. On the one hand, we collect the data of reserves, consumption, import and export of our country and extraterritorial resources, discuss the necessity of natural resources regulation and control, and reflect the natural resources control policies of various countries from the data; On the other hand, referring to the typical cases of natural resources regulation in China, this paper analyzes the practical gains and losses of natural resources regulation. 3, the economic analysis method. This paper expounds the formulation and implementation of market economy and natural resources regulation system by means of cost-benefit analysis and other relevant principles of economics. 4. Comparative analysis method, through the comparison of typical extraterritorial natural resources regulation system, draws lessons from its effective experience. And combine the present situation of our country to realize localization. In this paper, the author thinks that the natural resources regulation and control in China should be perfected in general path and special way respectively according to the degree of scarcity of resources, so as to form a macro-control system mechanism covering various links of natural resources and their related industries. In addition, we should strengthen the procedure rules of natural resources control, standardize the regulation behavior, prevent the "government failure", and guarantee the scientific, dynamic and moderate regulation and control. Form legislation, law enforcement, law-abiding all-round natural resources control rule of law pattern, let green waters and green mountains to protect Jinshan Yinshan.
【学位授予单位】：山西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D922.6
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