中国西部某市级医院临床病原菌分布及耐药性

发布时间：2017-12-28 22:28

本文关键词：中国西部某市级医院临床病原菌分布及耐药性　出处：《中国感染控制杂志》2017年08期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的分析临床患者分离病原菌情况及其耐药性,为临床合理使用抗菌药物及医院感染防控提供依据。方法回顾性分析安康市中心医院2015年1—12月门诊和住院患者分离的病原菌,并对其药敏结果进行统计分析。结果共分离3 602株病原菌,其中革兰阴性菌占82.07%,主要为大肠埃希菌(20.43%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(19.32%)、铜绿假单胞菌(10.61%);革兰阳性菌占17.93%,主要为金黄色葡萄球菌(3.75%)。主要来源于痰等呼吸道标本(46.28%)。葡萄球菌属细菌对青霉素G的耐药率为100%,对头孢呋辛、头孢西丁、红霉素的耐药率为66.17%~94.83%。耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)的检出率分别为71.11%和85.27%。未检出对万古霉素、利奈唑胺、替考拉宁耐药的肠球菌。大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)的检出率分别为61.55%、35.20%。铜绿假单胞菌和鲍曼不动杆菌中多重耐药菌(MDRO)检出率分别为13.87%和38.61%,铜绿假单胞菌对多粘菌素B的耐药率为7.20%。结论该院临床病原菌分布与全国数据比较,呈现地域性和自然气候性差异。MRSA和MRCNS检出率较高,应引起临床重视。铜绿假单胞菌对多粘菌素B的耐药率高于全国监测水平,同时非发酵菌多重耐药问题也不容忽视,需及时采取有效的防控措施。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the isolation of pathogenic bacteria and their drug resistance in clinical patients, and to provide the basis for the rational use of antibiotics and the prevention and control of hospital infection. Methods the pathogenic bacteria isolated from the outpatient and hospitalized patients in Ankang Central Hospital from 1 to December 2015 were analyzed retrospectively, and the drug sensitivity results were statistically analyzed. Results a total of 3602 isolates were isolated, of which gram negative bacteria accounted for 82.07%, mainly Escherichia coli (20.43%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (19.32%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.61%), Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 17.93%, mainly Staphylococcus aureus (3.75%). Mainly from sputum and other respiratory tract specimens (46.28%). Staphylococcus bacteria resistant to penicillin G was 100%, resistant to cefuroxime, cefoxitin, erythromycin was 66.17%~94.83%. The detection rates of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin resistant coagulase negative staphylococcus (MRCNS) were 71.11% and 85.27%, respectively. No vancomycin, linezolid, teicoplanin resistant enterococci. The detection rates of super broad-spectrum beta lactamase (ESBLs) in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 61.55% and 35.20% respectively. The detection rates of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRO) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter Bauman were 13.87% and 38.61%, respectively, and the resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to polymyxin B was 7.20%. Conclusion the distribution of clinical pathogens in the hospital is compared with the national data, showing regional and natural climatic differences. The high detection rate of MRSA and MRCNS should be paid attention to. The resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to polymyxin B is higher than that of the whole country. Meanwhile, the multi drug resistance problem of non fermented bacteria can not be ignored. Effective prevention and control measures should be taken in time.
【作者单位】：安康市中心医院;
【分类号】：R446.5
【正文快照】： 细菌感染性疾病的频发,已成为公共卫生领域中的严重问题,同时抗菌药物作为临床应用最广泛的一类药物,不合理使用将导致大量药物相关性不良反应以及细菌耐药性的产生和流行,尤其是多重耐药菌、广泛耐药菌、全耐药菌株的出现和日益增多,给临床治疗带来了极大挑战。为此,及时了解

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