产前超声在胎儿外耳异常筛查中的应用

发布时间：2018-01-01 19:27

本文关键词：产前超声在胎儿外耳异常筛查中的应用　出处：《山东医药》2017年10期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的探讨产前超声在筛查胎儿外耳异常中的应用价值。方法将1 522例孕妇按照孕周不同分为A组(12~15周)480例、B组(16~20周)506例和C组(21~25周)536例,均行产前超声筛查,观察胎儿双耳外耳长度、不同切面外耳显示情况,分析胎儿外耳异常情况。结果 B、C两组胎儿双耳外耳长度均高于A组(P均0.05);C组胎儿双耳外耳长度均高于B组(P均0.05);各组胎儿组内左右耳外耳长度对比,无统计学差异(P均0.05)。B组胎儿外耳冠状切面外耳显示率低于A组、颈后横斜切面外耳显示率高于A组(P均0.05),C组胎儿外耳冠状切面外耳显示率低于A组、颈后横斜切面和三维成像外耳显示率高于A组(P均0.05),C组胎儿颈后横斜切面和三维成像外耳显示率高于B组(P均0.05),各组胎儿外耳旁矢状切面外耳显示率均为100%。8例(0.53%)诊断为外耳异常,产后证实2例为单纯性小耳畸形,1例为小耳畸形合并其他畸形,2例为单纯性耳位低置,1例为耳位低置合并其他畸形,1例为无耳,1例为副耳;经染色体核型分析显示,3例为21-三体、3例为18-三体。结论孕12~15周可作为进行胎儿外耳异常超声筛查的优选时间,采用外耳旁矢状切面为主、多切面结合扫查能够为外耳异常的诊断提供清晰的外耳结构和形态,提高准确率。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the value of prenatal ultrasound in screening fetal abnormal external ear. Methods 1 522 pregnant women were divided into two groups according to gestational age: group A (n = 480). Group B (n = 506) and group C (n = 536) underwent prenatal ultrasound screening to observe the length of the external ear and the display of the external ear on different cut planes. Results the length of external ear in group B and C was higher than that in group A (P < 0.05). The length of external ear in group C was higher than that in group B (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the length of the left and right ears in each group. The coronal section of the external ear in group B was lower than that in group A (P < 0.05). The display rate of the external ear on the transverse section of the neck was higher than that in the group A (P 0.05). The display rate of the coronal external ear of the fetus in group C was lower than that in the group A. The display rate of posterior transverse oblique section of neck and external ear in 3D imaging was higher than that in group A (P < 0.05) and in group C (n = 0.05) than that in group B (P < 0.05). The display rate of lateral sagittal external ear in each group was 100.8 cases (0.53). 2 cases were confirmed as simple microauricular malformation and 1 case was small ear deformity with other malformation. 2 cases were simple hypobaric auricular position, 1 case was hypobaric with other deformities, 1 case was without auricle, 1 case was accessory ear. Chromosome karyotype analysis showed that 3 cases were 21 trisomy and 3 cases were 18 trisomy. Conclusion 1215 weeks of gestation can be used as the optimal time for ultrasonic screening of abnormal external ear of fetus. Using the lateral sagittal section of the external ear, multi-section combined with scanning can provide a clear structure and shape of the external ear for the diagnosis of abnormal external ear, and improve the accuracy.
【作者单位】：广西医科大学第四附属医院;
【基金】：广西壮族自治区卫生厅自筹经费课题项目(Z2013629)
【分类号】：R445.1;R714.5
【正文快照】： 产前超声筛查是诊断胎儿畸形的重要手段,能够有效降低胎儿出生缺陷,提高人口素质。随着超声诊断技术的不断发展,临床上对于胎儿微小结构畸形的诊断水平也越来越高[1]。国外研究报道指出,采用二维超声检查能够准确地显示92%以上的胎儿完整解剖结构[2]。相关专家指出,颜面部是胎

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