ICU气管切开患者下呼吸道感染病原学特点及恒温湿化系统的预防效果分析

发布时间：2018-03-08 01:30

本文选题：下呼吸道感染　切入点：病原菌　出处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2017年19期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的分析ICU气管切开患者下呼吸道感染病原学特点及对恒温湿化系统的预防作用。方法选取2015年5月-2016年10月于医院ICU行气管切开治疗的患者86例,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组43例,对照组给予微量注射泵持续湿化法干预,观察组给予恒温湿化系统干预,比较两组患者下呼吸道感染率、痰痂形成例数、治疗前后平均吸痰次数,并对下呼吸道感染患者多药耐药菌感染构成比及病原菌种类特点进行分析。结果干预前两组患者痰液黏稠度比较无统计学差异,干预后,两组患者Ⅰ度和Ⅲ度患者减少,Ⅱ度患者增加,两组差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者痰痂形成率为2.33%,明显低于对照组18.60%(P0.05);干预前,两组患者的平均吸痰次数无明显差异,干预后观察组患者平均吸痰次数(5.10±1.36)次低于对照组(7.78±1.84)次,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);观察组患者下呼吸道感染率为23.26%,显著低于对照组44.18%(P0.05);共检出6种多药耐药菌72株,观察组患者多药耐药菌感染明显低于对照组(P0.05)。结论恒温湿化系统可明显降低ICU气管切开患者下呼吸道感染发生率,且该类患者的感染病原菌较多,需加强护理,降低下呼吸道感染发生率。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the etiological characteristics of lower respiratory tract infection in patients with ICU tracheotomy and its preventive effect on the thermostatic humidification system. Methods 86 patients who underwent tracheotomy in hospital ICU from May 2015 to October 2016 were randomly divided into two groups: observation group and control group. 43 cases in each group were treated with continuous humidification of microinjection pump in control group, and those in observation group were treated with constant temperature humidification system. The infection rate of lower respiratory tract, the number of sputum scab formation and the average number of sputum aspiration before and after treatment were compared between the two groups. Results there was no significant difference in sputum viscosity between the two groups before intervention. The rate of sputum scab formation in the observation group was 2.33, which was significantly lower than that in the control group 18.60 and P 0.05. Before the intervention, there was no significant difference in the average sputum sucking times between the two groups. The average number of times of sputum aspiration in the observation group was 5.10 卤1.36 times lower than that in the control group (7.78 卤1.84), the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05), the infection rate of lower respiratory tract in the observation group was 23.26, which was significantly lower than that in the control group (44.18), 72 strains of multidrug resistant bacteria were detected. Conclusion the incidence of lower respiratory tract infection in patients with ICU tracheotomy can be significantly reduced by the constant temperature humidification system, and there are more pathogenic bacteria in the patients with ICU tracheotomy, so it is necessary to strengthen nursing care. Reduce the incidence of lower respiratory tract infection.
【作者单位】：嘉兴市第二医院ICU;嘉兴市第二医院院感科;
【分类号】：R459.7

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